Biology Unit 6 Review

Evolution can occur on a small scale affecting a single population

Evolution on a large scale affecting changes in species across populations

Process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully

• A change in gene frequency over time. Beneficial traits should become more common over time.

differences in the physical traits of organisms

a feature that allows an organism to better survive in its environment.

• Lots of offspring and limited resources causes competition for those resources.

organisms more fit for their environments will survive and reproduce more offspring.

random change in the frequency of alleles in a population over time.

The selection of traits that aren’t necessarily good for survival fitness, but without them, you can’t pass on your genes at all because you can’t reproduce.

movement of genes into/out of a population.

any change in a DNA sequence.

forming of a new species by evolution from a pre-existing species

Slow, constant changes over a long period of time

elimination of a species

Bursts of changes followed by periods of stability

A number of different species arise from one common ancestor

When unrelated species evolve similar characteristics because they live in similar environments

Occurs when two populations of organisms form a specialized relationship and thus change in response to each other

study of chemical processes in living things

study of the form of living things

study of the geographic distribution of plants and animals

study of prehistoric life through the fossil record

study of embryo development

Similar structures, but different function; suggest common ancestry

similar structures that evolved independently in different organisms due to serving similar purposes; different structurally, but same functionally

Structures with little or no function to an organism; could be leftover from an ancestor that had used the structure

eukaryotes