Enlightenment & Atlantic Revolutions

Montesquieu

John Locke

King Louis XVI

Toussaint L’Ouverture

A desire to return to a more powerful monarchy.

The British government’s refusal to allow "Taxation without Representation."

Extreme inequality between the Third Estate (the people) and the ruling classes.

A dispute over who should be the next Pope.

It was the first time a king was executed by his people.

It was the only successful revolt of enslaved people that led to the creation of a new nation.

It was the only revolution that didn't involve any fighting.

It was led by British merchants looking for lower taxes.

Governments began to give all power to a single leader.

They popularized the idea that governments exist to serve the people and protect their rights.

They made it illegal for people to pay any taxes at all.

They discouraged other nations from seeking independence.

They made it impossible for people to trade with one another.

Most people decided they preferred having a King.

They caused the total collapse of the global economy.

They often failed to grant rights to everyone, initially excluding women, enslaved people, and those without property.