​The Enlightenment: Questioning Everything
Essential Question: How did the Enlightenment shape the intellectual and ideological thinking that affected reform and revolution after 1750?

​Historical Thinking Skill: CAUSATION

​Key Concept
5.1.II: Enlightenment philosophies applied new ways of understanding and empiricist approaches to both the natural world and human relationships; they also reexamined the role that religion played in public life and emphasized the importance of reason.

Enlightenment: An intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason, individualism, and freedom/liberty over tradition and authority.

Social Contract: A theory that government is an agreement between the people and the government/ruler, in which people give up some freedoms in exchange for order and protection.

Natural Rights: Rights that all people are born with, such as life, liberty, and property, according to philosopher John Locke.

Laissez-faire: An economic philosophy advocating for minimal government intervention in the economy; a French term meaning "leave alone."

Nationalism: A feeling of intense loyalty to a group of people who share a common language and culture, often leading to the desire for an independent nation-state.

🖍️ Annotation Expectation

• Highlight Enlightenment ideas or arguments

• Label ideas with:
  C = Cause → the idea or belief
  E = Effect → what changed or happened after 1750

• For every E (Effect):
  👉 Explain the effect briefly in your own words
  

📝 Worksheet Reminder

Directions: Fill in the chart for each Enlightenment thinker using your annotations:

• Key Idea (C)

• Effect after 1750 (E, in your own words)

• AP Theme (GOV / CDI / SIO)