FINAL Study Guide (Ch 1.1)

By Victor Castillo

Use this WayGround activity to help you with answering the following handouts:

At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
1. define the term physical property
2. give examples of physical properties of matter

physical property

- a property of matter that can be measured or observed without matter changing to an entirely different substance
- can be detected by the senses

You can see that snow and sand have a different color.

You can feel that snow is softer than sand.

Both color and hardness are physical properties of matter.

What differences between snow and sand can you detect with your senses?

• ability to conduct heat

• ability to conduct electricity

• malleable - able to be shaped

• ductile - can be rolled and stretched into long thin shapes

What are some physical properties of this copper wire?

Both of these observations are examples of physical properties:

• solubility - the ability to dissolve in other substances

• density - how closely packed the particles of matter are to each other

This is lemonade. It contains dissolved sugar. The ice cubes float at the top because they are less dense than the lemonade.

All of these are physical properties of matter!

• boiling point - the temperature at which a substance boils

• melting point - the temperature at which a substance melts

• freezing point - the temperature at which a substance freezes

As adorable as they are, these skunks have a very distinct odor.

Odor is a physical property of matter.

Taste, shape, and texture are also examples of physical properties!

We already know that color is an example of a physical property.

​What do aspirin, plastic wrap, and vinegar have in common? Give up? They are all compounds made from different combinations of the same three atoms: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. By themselves, these atoms cannot reduce pain, keep food fresh, or season food. But when they are chemically combined in certain ways to form compounds, they can be useful in many ways.

​Most matter exists as compounds, not pure elements. That's because most pure elements are unstable. They quickly combine with other elements to make compounds. For example, water (H₂O) is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen.

​Compound - a substance whose smallest particle includes more than one element chemically bonded together.

For example, water (H₂O) is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen atoms bonded together.

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Oh yeah! Remember how we've called everything particles before? Now we're going to refer to those tiny particles, as atoms!

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Atoms are the smallest functional unit of all matter.​

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​Molecule - a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds​

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​Compounds ARE molecules. The difference is that a compound is just a specific type of molecule, one that consists of MORE THAN ONE TYPE OF ELEMENT.

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Elements are molecules too, but they are made up of more than one of the SAME ATOM.

​Virtually everything you interact with is a molecule. The oxygen you breathe is a molecule and a diatomic element (O₂), the food you eat is composed of sugar, fat and protein (all are large compounds), and the water you drink is a compound (H₂O).

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Homogeneous Mixture is uniform and evenly mixed!

Heterogeneous Mixture is NOT uniform and NOT evenly mixed!

Notes

• ​Pure substance

• Contain only one type of atom

• Cannot be broken down into simpler matter ​

• Can exist as atoms or molecules​

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Record the information above on your note-taker.

Elements

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• Contain atoms of different elements bonded together

• ​Can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means (not physical).

• ​Have properties different than their component elements

Record the information above on your note-taker.

Compounds

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• Contain one or more substances NOT bonded together

• ​Can be separated physically

• Retains many of the properties of the components

Record the information above on your note-taker.

Mixtures

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