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Presentation
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Information Technology (IT)
•
University
•
Practice Problem
•
Hard
Louis Tommo
FREE Resource
102 Slides • 83 Questions
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2
Multiple Choice
What changes occur in the positioning of the stomach and spleen during the rotation of the digestive system?
The stomach moves to the left
The spleen moves to the right
The liver rotates 90 degrees
The gallbladder shifts position
3
Open Ended
Describe the process of gut tube formation as illustrated in the images.
4
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: The endoderm forms the
Type answer...
5
Multiple Choice
What are the roles of the parietal mesoderm and visceral mesoderm in the development of the digestive system?
To form the tunica serosa
To develop the gut tube
To create the dorsal mesogastrium
To connect the yolk sac
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7
Open Ended
Describe the process of physiologic gut herniation as shown in the image.
8
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: The total rotation of the midgut is
Type answer...
9
Multiple Choice
What structures develop from the ventral and dorsal pancreatic buds?
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Duodenum
10
Multiple Choice
What are the two parts that the cloaca divides into during embryogenesis?
Sinus urogenitalis
Kanalis anorektalis
Liver bud
Gallbladder
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12
Open Ended
Describe the role of the Frenulum labii in the digestive system.
13
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: The
Type answer...
14
Multiple Choice
The Arcus palatoglossus is part of which anatomical structure?
Palate
Tongue
Pharynx
Esophagus
15
Multiple Choice
What is the function of the Uvula palatina in the digestive system?
Aids in swallowing
Produces saliva
Filters food particles
Regulates taste
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17
Open Ended
Label the parts of the tongue and their functions based on the image provided.
18
Multiple Choice
Which glands are responsible for saliva production as shown in the image?
Glandula parotidea
Glandula submandibularis
Glandula sublingualis
Glandula salivarius
19
Multiple Choice
What are the main functions of the structures labeled in the image?
Taste sensation
Swallowing
Speech production
Digestion
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21
Open Ended
Explain the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in saliva secretion.
22
Open Ended
What are the main components of saliva and their functions?
23
Multiple Choice
What is the primary function of saliva during the cephalic and oral phases of digestion?
Lubrication of food
Neutralization of stomach acid
Digestion of carbohydrates
Regulation of blood flow
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25
Open Ended
Describe the role of the epiglottis during the swallowing process as mentioned in the text.
26
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: The bolus moves from the mouth to the esophagus through the
Type answer...
27
Multiple Choice
What are the stages involved in the bolus transfer from the mouth to the esophagus as illustrated in the diagram?
Pharynx contracts
UES opens
Airway closes
Tongue thrusts back
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29
Open Ended
What are the recommended treatments for stomatitis aftosa according to the text?
30
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: Stomatitis aftosa is caused by trauma or as a manifestation of
Type answer...
31
Multiple Select
What are the subtypes of stomatitis aftosa mentioned in the text?
SAR Minor
SAR Major
SAR Herpetiform
All of the above
32
Multiple Choice
What is the histopathological finding in stomatitis aftosa?
Infiltration of mononuclear cells
Presence of bacteria
Absence of inflammation
Necrosis of tissue
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34
Open Ended
What is the gold standard for examination in candidiasis as per the image?
35
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: The virus causing herpes is
Type answer...
36
Multiple Choice
What is the treatment duration for primary infection of herpes as mentioned in the image?
5 days
7 days
10 days
3 days
37
Multiple Choice
What are the types of oral candidiasis mentioned in the image?
Pseudomembranous candidiasis
Erythematous candidiasis
Leukoplakia candidiasis
Angular cheilitis
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39
Multiple Choice
What are the types of leukoplakia mentioned in the text?
Homogeneous leukoplakia
Non-homogeneous leukoplakia
Oral hairy leukoplakia
All of the above
40
Multiple Choice
What is the mechanism of action of Clotrimazole and Fluconazole as mentioned in the text?
Inhibits fungal cell wall synthesis
Alters fungal cell membrane permeability
Inhibits protein synthesis in fungi
Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis
41
Multiple Choice
What is the recommended treatment for mild disease cases of esophageal candidiasis according to IDSA 2016?
Clotrimazole troches, 5 x 10 mg perhari
Fluconazole oral, 100-200 mg/hari
Nystatin, 100.000 U/mL
Fluconazole IV, 400 mg
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43
Multiple Choice
What are the complications associated with measles-rubella vaccination?
Orchitis
Meningitis
Pancreatitis
All of the above
44
Multiple Choice
What is the treatment for angina Ludwig's?
Drainage
Antibiotics
Surgery
Observation
45
Multiple Choice
Parotitis is caused by which virus?
Paramyxovirus
Rhinovirus
Adenovirus
Coxsackievirus
46
Multiple Select
What are the common clinical manifestations of parotitis caused by mumps?
Fever
Swelling of the parotid gland
Drooling
Difficulty swallowing
47
Multiple Choice
What is the gold standard for diagnosing parotitis?
Biopsy
CT Scan
MRI
Blood Test
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49
Open Ended
Describe the vascularization of the esophagus as outlined in the text.
50
Multiple Choice
What are the treatment options for oral tumors as mentioned in the text?
Single-modality therapy
Multimodality therapy
Radiation therapy
Chemotherapy
51
Multiple Choice
What is the anatomical structure that connects the esophagus to the stomach?
Gastroesophageal junction
Pharyngoesophageal junction
Cardiac sphincter
Cricopharyngeus muscle
52
Multiple Choice
What are the main causes of oral cancers as mentioned in the text?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Benign Migratory Glossitis
Gingivitis
Periodontitis
53
54
Open Ended
Explain the process of peristalsis in the oesophagus as described in the text.
55
Multiple Choice
What are the three parts of the oesophagus as shown in the images?
Pars cervicalis
Pars thoracica
Pars abdominalis
All of the above
56
57
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: Oesophageal atresia can lead to
Type answer...
58
Open Ended
What are the clinical manifestations of oesophageal atresia in infants?
59
Multiple Choice
What are the types of oesophageal atresia classified by Gross and Vogt?
Type A
Type B
Type C
Type D
60
61
Open Ended
What is the purpose of the Trendelenburg position in the management of patients with respiratory aspiration?
62
Multiple Select
What are the manifestations of H-type clinical manifestations in children?
Dysphagia
Chest pain
Regurgitation
Excessive salivation
63
Multiple Choice
What is the gold standard for diagnosing high LES pressure in patients with esophageal disorders?
Endoscopy
Barium swallow
Manometry
CT scan
64
65
Open Ended
What are the clinical manifestations of corrosive esophagitis?
66
Multiple Choice
What is the classification based on Zargar for esophageal injury?
0-I
IIA-IIB
III-IV
All of the above
67
Multiple Choice
What are the types of paraesophageal hernias mentioned in the text?
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
Type 4
68
69
Open Ended
Explain the pathophysiology of GERD based on the provided information.
70
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: GERD is caused by the malfunction of the
Type answer...
71
Multiple Choice
What is the gold standard for monitoring GERD symptoms?
24-hour pH meter
Endoscopy
Esophageal manometry
Bernstein test
72
Multiple Choice
What are the typical symptoms of GERD?
Pyrosis
Dysphagia
Nausea
Vomiting
73
74
Open Ended
What non-pharmacological measures can be taken to manage GERD according to the text?
75
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: PPI test is considered effective if clinical improvement occurs within
Type answer...
76
Multiple Choice
What are the alarm symptoms of GERD as mentioned in the text?
Dysphagia
Bronchial symptoms
Dysphonia
Weight loss
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78
Open Ended
What is the significance of the Child-Pugh score and MELD score in the context of varices?
79
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: The first-line treatment for GERD in pregnant women is
Type answer...
80
Multiple Choice
What are the complications of GERD mentioned in the text?
Stricture peptic
Barret esophagus
Esophageal adenocarcinoma
All of the above
81
Multiple Choice
What is the first-line treatment for GERD in pregnant women according to the text?
Sukralfat
Rebamipide
Alginat
Endoscopic therapy
82
83
Multiple Choice
What is the recommended follow-up for patients after EBL?
EGD every 3-6 months
Routine blood tests
No follow-up needed
Immediate endoscopy
84
Multiple Choice
What is the target hemoglobin level for patients without cardiovascular disease after transfusion?
70-90 g/L
80 g/L
<70 g/L
>90 g/L
85
Multiple Choice
What should be done if a patient has persistent bleeding after EBL?
Continue EBL
Perform TIPS
Administer somatostatin
Monitor for 24 hours
86
Multiple Choice
What are the red flags to look for during endoscopy in patients with ACLD?
Cherry red spots
Red wale marks
Variceal rupture
Esophageal varices
87
Multiple Choice
What is the first line of treatment for patients with compensated advanced liver disease (ACLD) and hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) > 10 mmHg?
Non-selective beta-blocker
Endoscopic band ligation (EBL)
Somatostatin
Octreotide
88
89
Multiple Choice
What is the primary treatment for esophageal tumors as mentioned in the text?
Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
Endoscopic resection
Surgery
90
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: The gold standard for diagnosing esophageal adenocarcinoma is
Type answer...
91
Multiple Select
What are the two types of esophageal adenocarcinoma mentioned in the text?
Adenocarcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Barret Esophagus
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
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93
94
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: The
Type answer...
95
Open Ended
What is the function of the omentum majus?
96
Multiple Choice
What are the main components of gastric juice?
Hydrochloric acid
Pepsin
Mucus
Bicarbonate
97
98
Open Ended
What are the functions of the gastric mucosa and how does it protect against damage?
99
Open Ended
Explain the mechanism of gastric secretion regulation involving histamine and somatostatin.
100
Multiple Choice
What is the role of gastrin in the digestive system?
Stimulates the release of bile
Increases gastric acid secretion
Inhibits gastric motility
Promotes absorption of nutrients
101
102
Open Ended
Describe the histological structure of the fundus of the stomach as shown in the image.
103
Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blank: The three histological parts of the stomach are
Type answer...
104
Multiple Choice
What is the function of the gastric pits (foveola gastrica) as described in the image?
Secretion of enzymes
Absorption of nutrients
Storage of food
Production of mucus
105
Multiple Choice
What are the three histological parts of the stomach as mentioned in the image?
Cardia
Fundus
Corpus
Antrum
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107
108
Multiple Choice
Identify the structure labeled in the image that is responsible for secreting digestive enzymes.
Granula zymogeni
Lamina propria mucosae
Cellula staminis gastrointestinalis
Vesiculae mucosae
109
Multiple Choice
What are the main types of exocrine cells found in the digestive system?
Exocrinocytus principalis
Exocrinocytus parietalis
Endocrinocytus gastrointestinalis
Granula zymogeni
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