Introduction to Memory

Because it helps us process, store, and retrieve information essential for learning and decision-making.

Because it only stores facts without any processing.

Because it is unrelated to our experiences and knowledge.

Because it works independently from the brain.

Automatic Processing

Effortful Processing

Sensory Processing

Echoic Processing

testing effect

serial position effect

effortful processing

automatic processing

Short Term Memory

Long Term Memory

Visual Memory

Sensory Memory

long term memory

short term memory

schema

Sensory memory can hold information for several minutes.

Short-term memory holds about 7 ± 2 items for 15–30 seconds.

Long-term memory has a limited capacity.

Retrieval brings information from sensory memory to long-term memory.

Sensory memory

Long term memory

Implicit memory

Working memory

Structural, Phonemic, Semantic

Phonemic, Structural, Semantic

Semantic, Structural, Phonemic

Structural, Semantic, Phonemic

Transforming information from the environment into a form the brain can store

Maintaining information over time

Bringing stored memories back into awareness

Forgetting irrelevant information

Semantic memory

Episodic memory

Procedural memory

Prospective memory