4. Endocrine student version

Congestive heart failure

Improved vision

Increased appetite

Lower blood pressure

Because thyroid hormone levels are affected by nonthyroidal illnesses, certain medications, and daily fluctuations.

Because thyroid tests are always inaccurate.

Because thyroid hormone levels never change.

Because thyroid tests are only affected by diet.

Elevated free T4 result with a normal Total T4.

Low free T4 result with a high Total T4.

Both free T4 and Total T4 are always elevated.

Both free T4 and Total T4 are always low.

Methimazole

Amoxicillin

Prednisolone

Insulin

Radioactive iodine treatment

Prescription diet

Surgery (Thyroidectomy)

Medical treatment with Carbimazole

Total T4 (thyroxine)

Blood pressure measurement

X-ray imaging

ECG (Electrocardiogram)

High TSH with low Free T4

Low TSH with high Free T4

High TSH with high Free T4

Low TSH with low Free T4

It is a synthetic hormone to help regulate the body's energy and metabolism.

It is an antibiotic used to treat infections.

It is a painkiller for chronic pain.

It is a vitamin supplement for bone health.

Every 12-24 hours

Once a week

Every 6 months

Every 4-8 weeks

Failure of the adrenal cortex resulting in deficiencies of steroid hormones

Excess production of insulin by the pancreas

Overactivity of the thyroid gland

Deficiency of vitamin D in the body

Aldosterone

Cortisol

Insulin

Thyroxine

High potassium levels

Low calcium levels

High sodium levels

Low magnesium levels

It speeds up conduction through the heart.

It slows conduction through the heart.

It has no effect on conduction.

It stops conduction completely.

Low glucose and albumin, high calcium, phosphate, and liver enzymes

High glucose and albumin, low calcium, phosphate, and liver enzymes

Low glucose and calcium, high albumin and phosphate

High glucose and phosphate, low albumin and liver enzymes

Hyponatremia (low sodium) and hyperkalaemia (high potassium)

Hypernatremia (high sodium) and hypokalaemia (low potassium)

Hyponatremia (low sodium) and hypokalaemia (low potassium)

Hypernatremia (high sodium) and hyperkalaemia (high potassium)

Fluid therapy

Oxygen therapy

Antibiotic therapy

Physical therapy

By administering calcium gluconate

By administering sodium chloride

By administering insulin

By administering potassium supplements

Both adrenal glands to release cortisol

The pancreas to release insulin

The thyroid gland to release thyroxine

The liver to release bile

It negatively feeds back to the hypothalamus, shutting off ACTH release by the pituitary gland.

It increases ACTH release by the pituitary gland.

It causes the hypothalamus to release more cortisol.

It has no effect on the hypothalamus or pituitary gland.

A process where a change in the body triggers a response that reverses that change

A process where a change in the body triggers a response that amplifies that change

A process where the body ignores changes

A process where the body maintains the change

Because cortisol is a stress hormone

Because adrenaline is a sleep hormone

Because insulin is a stress hormone

Because cortisol is a sleep hormone

Separate and refrigerate samples within 1 hour

Leave samples at room temperature for 2 hours

Mix samples with saline immediately

Freeze samples after 24 hours