Quickly tell your partner:
1. What modal verb did you learn in the last lesson?
2. Why do we use that modal verb?

​Yes! The modal verb "may"!

We use "may" to show sth is possible to happen.

​What is wrong with these sentences?

1. That orangutan may loses its forest home because of deforestation.

2. The dolphins get may sick from dirty seas.

3. The sea birds may disturbed and unable to rest.

​Underline the errors and write the correct answers above them!

Corrections:

1. That orangutan may loses its forest home because of deforestation.

2. The dolphins get may sick from dirty seas.

3. The sea birds may disturbed and unable to rest.

(Don't add anything (-s/-es) to the verb after "may"!)

lose

Corrections:

1. That orangutan may loses its forest home because of deforestation.

2. The dolphins get may sick from dirty seas.

3. The sea birds may disturbed and unable to rest.

(Don't add anything (-s/-es) to the verb after "may"!)

lose

may get

("may" + verb!)

Corrections:

1. That orangutan may loses its forest home because of deforestation.

2. The dolphins get may sick from dirty seas.

3. The sea birds may disturbed and unable to rest.

(Don't add anything (-s/-es) to the verb after "may"!)

lose

may get

("may" + verb!)

be disturbed

(Remember to add "be" before the verb (in PP form) in the passive voice!)

Threats to the Earth

• hunting

• overfishing

• littering

• global warming

• cutting down trees/ deforestation

• water pollution

• noise pollution

• broken coral reef

"Other animals and I need your help!!! Could you give suggestions to people to stop these threats, please?"

Tom the Panda

"Thank you so much! But before that, do you know what modal verbs are used to make suggestions?"

​"should"

• ​To suggest doing a correct action.

Examples from Tom the Panda's friends:
1. Humans should stop illegal hunting.
2. Humans should keep oceans clean and avoid dumping waste.
3. Humans should save energy and reduce carbon emissions.

Which threat does each suggestion target?

​"should"

• ​To suggest doing a correct action.

Examples from Tom the Panda's friends:
1. Humans should stop illegal hunting. (hunting)
2. Humans should keep oceans clean and avoid dumping waste. (water pollution)
3. Humans should save energy and reduce carbon emissions. (global warming)

​"ought to"

• ​To show that an action is necessary. (≈ "should", but a bit stronger)

Examples from Tom the Panda's friends:
1. Humans ought to plant more trees and protect forest habitats.
2. Humans ought to protect coral reefs and avoid damaging them.

Which threat does each suggestion target?

​"ought to"

• ​To show that an action is necessary. (≈ "should", but a bit stronger)

Examples from Tom the Panda's friends:
1. Humans ought to plant more trees and protect forest habitats. (deforestation)
2. Humans ought to protect coral reefs and avoid damaging them. (broken coral reef)

​"must"

• ​To show an action is very important and needs to be done.

  (stronger than "should" and "ought to")

Examples from Tom the Panda's friends:
1. Humans must fish responsibly and protect marine life zones.
2. Humans must reduce loud noises near natural habitats.
3. Humans must recycle properly and reduce plastic use.

Which threat does each suggestion target?

​"must"

• ​To show an action is very important and needs to be done.

  (stronger than "should" and "ought to")

Examples from Tom the Panda's friends:
1. Humans must fish responsibly and protect marine life zones. (overfishing)
2. Humans must reduce loud noises near natural habitats. (noise pollution)
3. Humans must recycle properly and reduce plastic use. (littering)

The power of a suggestion:

must

ought to

should

>

>

(stronger)

(strongest)

Now, choose three threats and make your own suggestions.

Before we end, think about these questions:

What model verbs did you learn in this lesson?
Why do we use those model verbs?