To argue that freedom is temporary

To emphasize continuity and renewal in American democracy

To suggest that the U.S. must abandon old traditions

To highlight the failures of past generations

Logos, through logical reasoning about technology’s potential

Pathos, by evoking fear of destruction

Ethos, by referencing his presidential authority

To suggest younger Americans should enjoy peace

To shift responsibility for freedom to the new generation

To criticize older leaders for their failures

To announce new technological advances

It will rely on isolationism to remain strong

It must accept sacrifices to defend liberty

It will focus only on domestic security

It will depend primarily on economic alliances

Metaphor to caution against tyranny

Biblical allusion

Scientific evidence about nuclear weapons

A personal anecdote from wartime

Wealthy societies should isolate themselves from the poor

Communism offers a better solution to poverty

Free nations have a moral obligation to reduce poverty

The U.S. must protect only its domestic economy

Logos, through logic about competition

Ethos, through moral credibility

Pathos, by stirring emotions of fear

The necessity of military strength to maintain peace

The inevitability of nuclear war

A rejection of diplomacy with adversaries

The need to dismantle all weapons

The superiority of Western nations

Military dominance in technology

Shared human achievement and cooperation

The inevitability of Cold War victory

To connect his vision of peace to shared moral and spiritual values

To prove the government’s power over religion

To suggest divine punishment for adversaries

To appeal only to Christian citizens

It lowers expectations for progress

It warns of inevitable failure

It shifts responsibility to future presidents only

It emphasizes long-term commitment and perseverance

America should withdraw from global commitments

Only Americans can protect liberty effectively

Freedom is a universal responsibility shared across nations

The Cold War was mainly a domestic concern

Pathos, inspiring pride and responsibility among citizens

Logos, presenting a logical argument for civic duty

Ethos, referencing his presidential authority

Divine intervention will solve the Cold War

Humanity must take responsibility for building peace and justice

Only religious leaders can bring about freedom

The U.S. should expand church influence in politics