Pan African Movement

To promote unity and solidarity among African nations

To encourage European colonization of Africa

To establish a single African language

To create trade barriers between African countries

Liberia and Ethiopia

Nigeria and Ghana

Egypt and South Africa

Kenya and Senegal

It began in the late 1800s.

It believed all Africans shared a common heritage.

Its principles dated back to the slave trade era.

The first Pan-African Congress occurred in 1950.

Five

Two

Ten

Seven

The rule of tribal chiefs weakened due to colonial links.

Africa became independent from European control.

The cost for European countries to maintain colonies decreased.

Arab traders took control of Kenya's coast.

Rising costs for European countries to maintain colonies

Growth of an educated middle class

Strengthening of tribal chiefs' power

Desire for freedom from European control

They want Africa to be governed by Africans.

They support European colonial rule.

They are protesting against tribal chiefs.

They are asking for economic reforms.

Arab traders

British settlers

German explorers

French merchants

They gained more rights and land.

They paid high taxes and lost land to settlers.

They were given equal access to education and jobs.

They were allowed to govern themselves.

To support British settlers

To protest unfair land seizures and loss of rights

To gain access to European education

To promote trade with Britain

It spread nationalism throughout Kenya.

It led to immediate independence.

It caused the British to leave Africa entirely.

It resulted in economic decline.

Kenyans demanded freedom due to unfair treatment.

Kenya gained independence from the British Empire in 1963.

Jomo Kenyatta was the first president of Kenya.

The Mau Mau uprising led to immediate independence.

To encourage national unity and collective effort.

To promote single-party rule.

To support British colonial rule.

To increase military spending.

People of African descent worldwide

European colonial rulers

Asian independence leaders

South American revolutionaries