

S P D F Blocks
Presentation
•
Chemistry
•
9th - 12th Grade
•
Hard
Joseph Anderson
FREE Resource
22 Slides • 13 Questions
1
Electron Configuration
An address for electron's location.

2
Multiple Choice
Review: How many electrons can each orbital hold?
2 electrons only
it depends on the orbital shape
6 electrons
4 electrons
3
The Orbitals
s - sphere- only one orbital
p- dumbbell- three orbitals
d- four petals- five orbitals
f- six petals- seven orbitals
4
Multiple Choice
How many electrons can the p sublevel hold?
2
6
10
14
5
Orbital Blocks
on Periodic Table
The 'blocks' represent the sublevels of each level.
Notice that the s block has two columns representing its two max electrons.
The p block has six columns, the d block has ten, and the f block has fourteen.
6
One way to think of it is to move He into the S block.
7
Poll
Is it easier to identify the 's block' with Helium over Beryllium or where it belongs over Neon?
Easier over Beryllium
Easier over Neon
It doesn't make a difference
8
There are 3 Principles/Rules to Electron Configuration
Aufbau Principle (buidling up)
Hund's Rule
Pauli Exclusion Principle
9
Aufbau Principle
Lower levels fill first
One sublevel must be full before starting another
10
Aufbau Principle Exceptions
d and f blocks appear to fill out of order!
d block has a higher repulsion force than s or p, and will push electrons into the higher s orbital as it fills. (d blocks written as one shell down)
f blocks fill in gaps in very large elements. The repulsion forces decrease the more the block fills, resulting in some interesting electron configuration. (f blocks written as two shells down)
11
Note numbering on d and f blocks.
12
Multiple Choice
Which sublevel fills first s, p, d or f in any level?
s
p
d
f
13
Multiple Choice
Based on aufbau arrow diagrams and the layout of the periodic table, which fills first?
3d
4s
14
aufbau arrows
15
Electron Configuration Formula
Number of shell (energy level)
Letter of orbital sublevel
Number (superscript) of electrons in sublevel
Example: 1s2 2s2 2p3 is for Nitrogen
16
Note numbering on d and f blocks.
17
Fill in the Blanks
Type answer...
18
Note numbering on d and f blocks.
19
Fill in the Blanks
Type answer...
20
Note numbering on d and f blocks.
21
Fill in the Blanks
Type answer...
22
Hund's Rule
All orbitals in a sublevel are singly occupied before any are doubly occupied.
All singly occupied orbitals have the same spin. (to maximize spin)
23
Hund's Rule
Analogy: think of it like seats on a bus. Strangers will spread out before sitting next to someone else.
24
25
Multiple Choice
Which of these is Hund's Rule violated in?
1
2
3
4
26
Multiple Select
Which of these is Hund's Rule violated in?
a
b
c
d
27
Pauli Exclusion Principle
An orbital can have a maximum of two electrons. Those electrons must have an opposite spin!
(no two electrons can have the same four electronic quantum numbers. shell, orbital shape, magnetic pole position, and spin.)
28
Pauli Exclusion Principle
spin arrows point in opposite direction in each orbital.
29
Multiple Choice
Which of these does NOT violate the Pauli Exclusion Principle?
a
b
c
d
30
Lets put it all together
Fill lowest energy level first. (exceptions in d and f sublevels)
Fill sublevels completely before moving on to next. (exceptions made in f sublevels)
In sublevels, orbitals fill singly before any fill doubly.
All singly filled orbitals have same spin.
Electrons in doubly filled orbitals have opposite spins.
31
32
aufbau arrows
33
Energy Ladder
34
Poll
Which chart is easiest for you to use?
Periodic Table
Aufbau Arrows
Energy Ladder
Not sure; I'm lost
35
Poll
What if anything is giving you trouble?
Energy level numbers
sublevel/orbital letters (s,p,d,f)
number of electrons in sublevel
Hund's or Pauli's rules (arrows in sublevels)
none of these
Electron Configuration
An address for electron's location.

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