mutation- any change to the nucleotide sequence of

a cells DNA ​

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What are mutations, really?​

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Point Mutations (aka substitution)

​ - mutation affect only one or a few nucleotides on a DNA sequence

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Frameshift Mutations​ (aka deletion and replication)

• ​a mutation due to insertion or deletion of nucleotides which change the way the code is "read"

Mutations within a gene can be divided into 2 categories:​

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This can occur because there is more than one codon for most amino acids​

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When a mutation has no effect on gene expression, it is known as a

silent mutation​

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The most "famous" point mutation is the cause of Sickle Cell Anemia​

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​A single nucleotide out of place can cause all of this

Any Questions?​