Gravity and Gravitational Force

Gravity is a force of:

Gravity is exerted by:

How would moving objects closer together effect the gravitational force acting between two objects?

How would removing half of each object affect the gravitational force acting between two objects?

In which diagram would the gravitational forces between the objects be the strongest?

Why do astronauts experience less gravitational force on the Moon than they do on Earth?

The mass of an object on Earth's surface and the mass of the same object on Jupiter's surface would be:

A ball is dropped from high above Earth's surface. Ignoring air resistance, calculate how much the ball's velocity has changed after falling for 2 seconds.

( $$\Delta v\ =\ 9.8\ \frac{m}{s^2}\ \times\ t$$  )

A ball is dropped from high above Earth's surface. Ignoring air resistance, calculate how much the ball's velocity has changed after falling for 6 seconds.

( $$\Delta v\ =\ 9.8\ \frac{m}{s^2}\ \times\ t$$  )