
Argument Development
Presentation
•
English
•
University
•
Hard
Joseph Anderson
FREE Resource
10 Slides • 8 Questions
1
Introduction to Academic Reading and Writing
Session 2 (Unit 3 + 4 Review)
2
Learning outcomes
By the end of this session, you will be able to:
• review academic argument construction
• evaluate the clarity, persuasiveness, and evidence integration in
arguments.
• practice drafting arguments and giving feedback on structure,
content, and language.
3
1) Warm-up activity
Answer the following questions to reinforce your understanding of argument structures, types of evidence, and appropriate language for academic argumentation
4
Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes a claim in an argument?
The main point or position that the author is trying to prove.
A specific fact supporting the author's position.
A summary of someone else's argument.
5
Multiple Choice
What is the purpose of including a counterargument in an essay?
To strengthen the opposing side of an argument.
To acknowledge opposing views and respond to them.
To confuse the reader with additional, unrelated information.
6
Multiple Choice
Which of these phrases would best introduce a counterargument?
"As a result, …”
“It is also important to note that …”
“Some may argue that …”
7
Multiple Choice
Which phrase is most appropriate for introducing evidence?
“According to …”
“This suggests that …”
“In contrast …”
8
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a benefit of using a quote as evidence?
Quotes add length to an argument.
Quotes provide exact wording to strengthen a claim.
Quotes summarize the main ideas effectively.
9
Multiple Choice
When paraphrasing a source, which of the following should you avoid?
Restating the main idea in your own words
Changing the structure of the sentence while keeping the original meaning
Copying the exact words without quotation marks
Citing the original source
10
Multiple Choice
What function does a refutation serve in an argument?
It supports the claim.
It provides evidence for the reason.
It addresses and argues against a counterargument.
11
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an example of an effective refutation?
"The argument presented here is weak."
"This opposing view is incorrect."
"The claim lacks evidence and should be disregarded."
"While some may argue against this point, recent studies show otherwise."
12
2) Evaluating Arguments
In groups, examine the texts assigned and evaluate the arguments made by looking at elements like the clarity of claims, the strength of reasoning, and the effectiveness of counterarguments.
(15 minutes)
13
14
3) Drafting Arguments
Using the same texts assigned to your group in Activity 2, rewrite the argument, applying the strengths and techniques observed in the Demo. Focus on improving clarity, adding well-supported evidence, and refining counterarguments to improve coherence and credibility.
Click on "Add comment" below to record your response.
(30 minutes)
15
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4) Peer Review
Examine and comment on each other's arguments from Activity 3 according to this structure:
Group 1 <-> Group 2
Group 3 <-> Group 4
Group 5 <-> Group 6
(10 minutes)
17
Next session
• November 5th
• Unit 5 (Starting the writing process)
18
For any questions or concerns,
please contact me at:
gloria.magege@aku.edu
Introduction to Academic Reading and Writing
Session 2 (Unit 3 + 4 Review)
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