​Computer Hardware

​A computer system consists of two major elements, hardware and software. We need both hardware and software for a computer system to work. Computer hardware consists of parts of a computer and the devices connected to it. Monitor, mouse, keyboard, printer, system unit, scanner, projector, central processing unit (CPU) and hard disk are some examples of computer hardware.

Software is a set of instructions that makes computer hardware do a specific task. For example, printer requires printing software to print images and documents. Many small software can be combined to form a large software like operating system, which can perform several tasks. Unlike hardware, we cannot touch or feel software.

​The CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The CPU is often called the "brain" of the computer. Just like your brain helps you think and solve problems, the CPU helps the computer think and process information. It runs all the programs you use on the computer and makes sure everything works properly. Without the CPU, the computer wouldn’t be able to do anything!

The Hard Drive (or SSD)

The hard drive (or sometimes called SSD in newer computers) is where all your important files and information are stored. Whether it’s a school project, a picture, or a game, the hard drive keeps everything saved even when the computer is turned off. It’s like a big digital storage box that holds everything safely.

​Peripheral devices are devices which are externally connected to a computer. These devices can be:
» Input devices which are used to enter data and instruction into a computer,
» Storage devices which are used to store data and
» Output devices which are used to display or produce information from the computer in the form understood by us.

​Some of common peripheral devices and their functions are:
A. Scanner is a device that is used to convert printed materials like films, photographs, magazines, books, etc., into digital images and texts. Digital images and texts can be viewed and edited in a computer.

B. Webcam is a small camera connected to a computer. It is used to capture photos, record and transmit videos. Webcams are commonly used in video chats. They are also used for observing and recording events.

C. Microphone: It is used to feed in voice or other sounds into the computer which can be recorded and transmitted.

D. Printer Generally, printers are used for printing text or pictures onto paper. Texts and pictures can also be printed on other materials like cloth and plastic sheets. There are different types of printers such as, dot matrix, ink jet and laser printers.