Group A: Supports modernization (Emperor Meiji’s government)

1. Stronger Defense –

2. Avoid Colonization –

3. Industrial Growth –

Group B: Opposes modernization (Samurai and traditionalists)

1. Cultural Erosion – (Japanese / Western) military tactics will destroy Japan’s proud warrior traditions.

2. High Costs – Modernization requires expensive (weapons/wallets) and training, straining Japan’s finances.

3. Foreign Influence – Relying on Western technology may make Japan dependent on (foreign/local) powers.

4. Destabilization – The transition from a samurai-based army to a (modern/traditional) one could lead to unrest and rebellion.