Q4 Lesson 2: The Galleon Trade and The Middle Classes

Insulares

Peninsulares

Ilustrados

Principalia

Spaniards born in Spain

Educated Filipinos from elite families

Spaniards born in the Philippines

Native Filipinos who worked as farmers

Spanish-born government officials

Native Filipino elites, such as former Datus and Rajahs

Chinese traders

Laborers and farmers

Indios

Ilustrados

Sangley

Peninsulares

They held the highest government positions

They were powerful traders and helped form the middle class

They were forced to work under Spanish rule

They were considered the lowest class

He is exempt from paying taxes and tribute

He has better access to education and business opportunities

He is automatically given a government position

He can own large plantations without restrictions

Insulares

Ilustrados

Indios

Principalia

Managing Spanish government affairs

Owning large haciendas and collecting taxes from Filipinos

Leading military campaigns against native revolts

Importing and selling goods like silk and porcelain from China