A&P | Lesson 38 - Autoimmune Diseases

A 10-year-old boy presents with increased thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss over the past few weeks. Blood tests reveal high blood sugar levels and the presence of autoantibodies.

A 45-year-old man develops red, scaly patches on his elbows and knees. A skin biopsy shows thickened epidermis with an increased number of keratinocytes.

A 25-year-old woman presents with fatigue, joint pain, and a butterfly-shaped rash across her cheeks and nose. Blood tests show positive ANA and anti-dsDNA antibodies.

A 35-year-old woman experiences episodes of numbness and tingling in her limbs, along with muscle weakness and coordination problems. MRI scans reveal multiple lesions in her brain and spinal cord.

A 30-year-old woman reports joint pain and stiffness in her wrists and ankles, especially in the morning. Physical examination shows mild synovitis in several joints2. Blood tests indicate elevated rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP antibodies.