Common Injuries to the Knee

Direct blow from the medial side

Direct blow from the lateral side (valgus force)

Internal rotation of the tibia

Hyperextension of the knee

Medial Collateral Ligament

Medial Cruciate Ligament

Middle Collateral Ligament

Middle Cruciate Ligament

Mild pain over MCL, minor stiffness, stable knee

Moderate swelling, loss of ROM, mild instability

Moderate swelling, immediate pain, loss of stability

Severe pain, complete loss of function

Grade 3

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 4

Direct blow from the medial side (varus force)

Direct blow from the lateral side (valgus force)

Twisting motion with the foot planted

Hyperextension of the knee

Avulsion fracture of the femur or tibia

Stress fracture of the fibula

Compression fracture of the patella

Spiral fracture of the humerus

Numbness in the fingers

Pain and tenderness over LCL

Headache

Blurred vision

Grade 3 and 4

Grade 1 and 2

Grade 2 and 3

Grade 4 and 5

A fall with full weight on the anterior aspect of the bent knee

A direct blow to the lateral side of the knee

Twisting the knee while running

Overstretching the knee joint

Dashboard injury

Runner's knee

Tennis knee

Golfer's knee

Anterior drawer test

Posterior sag test

Lachman test

McMurray test

Increased strength

Instability

Enhanced flexibility

Reduced pain

Medial Collateral Ligament Tear

Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tear

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear

Lateral Collateral Ligament Tear

Internal rotation of the tibia with the knee in a varus position

External rotation of the tibia with the knee in a valgus position

Hyperextension of the knee

Direct impact to the knee

The knee bending outward

The knee bending inward

The knee remaining straight

The knee rotating

Delayed pain

Immediate pain

No swelling

Gradual disability

Medial meniscus

Lateral meniscus

Anterior meniscus

Posterior meniscus

Rotation while weight bearing

Jumping up and down

Squatting slowly

Standing on one foot

Severe swelling

Moderate/mild swelling

No swelling

Swelling only at night

Along the joint line

In the front of the patella

In the shin

In the quad

A type of ligament

A fold in the synovial joint capsule

A muscle in the knee

A type of bone

10%

20%

30%

40%

Lateral plica

Medial plica

Mediopatellar plica

Anterior plica

It becomes thin and flexible

It becomes thick and fibrous

It dissolves completely

It turns into cartilage

A condition involving the separation of a piece of articular cartilage and bone

A type of muscle inflammation

A viral infection affecting the joints

A knee rash

Joint mice

Bone fragments

Cartilage chips

Joint rats

Rapid and acute

Slow and chronic

Sudden and severe

Intermittent and mild

Recurrent swelling

Constant itching

Frequent bruising

Persistent redness

When the patella slides out of the femoral groove

When the femur breaks

When the tibia rotates

When the knee is fully extended

Medially

Laterally

Upwards

Downwards

Pain and swelling

Obvious deformity

Tenderness over medial border

Instability

Loss of function

Obvious deformity

Pain and swelling

Pain

Softening and deterioration of the articular cartilage on the backside of the patella

Inflammation of the knee joint

Fracture of the patella

Dislocation of the knee cap

Acute injury

Chronic injury

Traumatic injury

Temporary injury

Tension placed on the tibial tuberosity from the patella tendon

Lack of calcium in the diet

Excessive running on hard surfaces

Genetic factors

18

12

25

30

Adolescence

Infancy

Middle age

Elderly

Severe pain

Itching

Numbness

Dizziness

Pain during activity

Pain after activity

Pain before activity

Pain with no activity

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Pain only after activity

Pain during activity and prolonged after activity

No pain during activity

Pain only before activity

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Patellar Tendinitis

Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome

Meniscus Tear

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Acute injury

Chronic/overuse injury

Traumatic injury

Infectious injury

Medial femoral condyle

Lateral femoral condyle

Patellar tendon

Tibial plateau

Weak quadriceps

Tight IT Band

Flat feet

High arches