Multi Step Percent Increases and Decreases

$Birkenstocks x Mark down rate = Mark down amount

$Birkenstocks - Mark down amount = Sub total

Sub total x Sales tax rate = Sales tax amount

Sub total + Sales tax amount = Grand total

$Bill x Tip rate = Tip amount

$Bill x Sales tax rate = Sales tax amount

$Bill + Tip amount + Tax amount = Grand total

2021 Population x Decline rate = 2021 Decline amount

2021 Population - 2021 Decline amount = 2022 Population

2022 Population x Decline rate = 2022 Decline amount

2022 Population - 2022 Decline amount = 2023 Population