Drains and casts 2024/25

Are always closed

Work by overflow, capillary action, and rely on gravity

Are connected to a source of negative pressure

Use suction to draw material away

Penrose (latex) drain

Silicone drain

Closed wound suction system

Drain leading to a collection bottle

Hard plastic

Soft latex

Metal

Glass

To prevent infection

To allow for easy removal

Because it relies on gravity

To avoid skin irritation

Silicone drain

Penrose (latex) drain

Thoracic (chest) drain

Overflow drain

May be open or closed

Work by overflow

Are always closed

Rely on gravity

Pneumonia

Pyothorax

Bronchitis

Asthma

Flexible walls

Rigid walls

Transparent walls

Soft walls

Hazy

Clear

Turbid to opaque

Milky

Transudate

Modified Transudate

Exudate

Serum

Transudate

Modified Transudate

Exudate

Plasma

It is suitable for all fractures

It requires immobilization of the fracture site only

It is not suitable if joints cannot be immobilized

It always involves surgery

Construction

Medical applications

Clothing

Packaging

It is expensive

It is lightweight

It is cheap and comfortable

It is transparent

It becomes stronger

It loses strength

It remains the same

It becomes lighter

Muscle growth

Limb swelling

Increased flexibility

Improved circulation

Skin rejuvenation

Decubitus ulcers

Sunburn

Acne