What is the primary function of the nervous system?

To relay messages throughout the body

What is the function of the insulating sheath around axons?

To speed up the rate of conduction

What triggers the release of a neurotransmitter at a synapse?

Arrival of an electrical impulse

What is the role of neurotransmitters in synapses?

To diffuse across the synapse and bind with receptors

Why are pumps important in fish tanks?

They help to aerate the water and bring water through a filter.

They change the color of the water.

They provide food for the fish.

What is ATP's role in cellular pumps?

It acts as an energy currency to power the pumps.

It decorates the cell membrane.

It provides structural support to the cell.

What is one major function of the sodium-potassium pump?

Maintaining a resting membrane potential.

What happens to the sodium-potassium pump when it is phosphorylated?

It changes its shape and opens to the outside.

What is the result of the sodium-potassium pump's activity?

More potassium ions inside the cell and more sodium ions outside the cell.

Equal distribution of sodium and potassium ions.

More sodium ions inside the cell and more potassium ions outside the cell.

What is an electrochemical gradient?

A difference in charge and ion types across the cell membrane.

A difference in light intensity across the cell membrane.

A difference in temperature across the cell membrane.

A difference in sound waves across the cell membrane.

Why is the cell membrane more permeable to potassium at rest?

There are more potassium leakage channels than sodium leakage channels.

There are more sodium leakage channels than potassium leakage channels.

What contributes to the cell's more negative charge inside?

Positive potassium ions traveling out of the cell.

Positive ions traveling into the cell.

Negative ions traveling into the cell.

Positive sodium ions traveling into the cell.

What other molecules rely on the electrochemical gradient established by the sodium-potassium pump?

Proteins that transport glucose.

At what stages do Sodium / Potassium Channels open?

Repolarization / Repolarization

Depolarization / Hyperpolarization

Hyperpolarization/ Repolarization

Which one of the following is involved in maintaining a resting membrane potential?

Na+/K+ ATPase pump moves 3Na+ out for every 2K+ in

Na+/K+ ATPase pump moves 3Na+ in for every 2K+ out

Na+/K+ ATPase pump moves 3K+ in for every 2Na+ out

Na+/K+ ATPase pump moves 3K+ out for every 2Na+ in

What is the generalised order during a nervous response?

Stimulus → receptor → neurones → effector → response

Receptor → stimulus → neurones → effector → response

Response → receptor →neurones → effector → stimulus

Stimulus → effector → neurones→ receptor → response

What is the meaning of response?

The way an organism reacts after detecting a stimulus

The ability to detect the stimuli and respond to them accordingly

The changes from internal environment and external environment

A receptive structure in a sensory cells that detect stimuli

Why do we see an afterimage of different colors after staring at the flag?

Because of the change in light intensity

Because of the eye's adjustment to light

Why do cones not function well in low light?

Because they require high intensity light

Because they are color sensitive

Because they are fewer in number compared to rods

Because they are located at the edges of the retina

What is the primary function of rods in the human eye?

Detecting fine detail and color

Protecting the eye from intense light

What happens when light hits the lens of the eye?

It focuses the light onto the retina

What role do the eyebrows play in eye protection?

They keep sweat away from the eyes

They detect changes in light intensity

They adjust the amount of light entering the eye

They focus light onto the retina

nervous system 2

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Biology

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