Present Progressive Irregulars

Review: Present Progressive in Spanish

●Present progressive expresses ongoing actions

●Formation: conjugated form of "estar" + present participle

●Present participle: verb stem + "-ando" (AR verbs) or "-iendo" (ER/IR verbs)

●Example: Yo estoy hablando (I am speaking)

●Example: Yo estoy comiendo (I am eating)

Present Progressive Formation (Continued)

●Irregular present participles:

●Verbs ending in -er/-ir with vowel before ending: change "i" to "y"

●Example: leer → leyendo (reading)

●Some verbs drop the "e" before adding "-yendo"

●Example: traer → trayendo (bringing)

●Practice: Form the present progressive of "oir" (to hear)

Introduction to Stem-Changing Verbs

●Stem-changing verbs alter their vowel in certain conjugations

●Three main types in present tense:

●e → i

●e → ie

●o → ue

●These changes occur in all forms except nosotros/vosotros

●In the present progressive, the stem change ONLY occurs with verbs that
end in -IR

E> I Stem-Changing Verbs

●Common e → i verbs:

●pedir (to ask for)

●servir (to serve)

●repetir (to repeat)

●In present progressive:

●The stem change affects the present participle, and is still e to i

●The "estar" conjugation remains regular

●Example: Ella está pidiendo ayuda (She is asking for help)

E>IE Stem-Changing Verbs- become e>i!!!

●Some e → ie verbs:

●mentir (to lie)

●convertir (to convert)

●sentir (to feel)

●In present progressive:

●"Estar" shows the subject change

●Present participle changes e>i

●Example: (Nosotros) nos estamos sintiendo felices (We are feeling happy).

O → UE Stem-Changing Verbs become o>u

●Common o → ue verbs:

●morir (to die

●dormir (to sleep)

●In present progressive:

●"Estar" displays the subject change

●Present participle has the stem change

●Example: Ellos están durmiendo (They are sleeping)

Key Points to Remember

●Stem changes only affect the present participle

●Present participles remain regular for ar and er stem-changing verbs

●Pay attention to irregular present participles (e.g., ir → yendo)

●Practice recognizing stem-changing verbs in context

Review Activity

In pairs, create sentences using stem-changing verbs in the present
progressive. Focus on:

●e → i verbs

●e → ie verbs

●o → ue verbs

Share your sentences with the class and explain the stem changes.