DSM2604(2) Decision Theory Analysis
Presentation
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Social Studies
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University
•
Medium
Nur Fatima Aisya Jamil
Used 8+ times
FREE Resource
27 Slides • 42 Questions
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Multiple Choice
Which best defines maximum utility?
Pursuing pleasure and avoid pain
Different formulation of the same message
Perceptual representation of the instability
Exposure to one stimulus may influence a response to a subsequent one
5
Multiple Choice
Which example potrays utilitairanism?
Trolley problem
Asian Disease
Prisoner's Dilemma
Ames Room
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Multiple Choice
Who created the concept utiltarianism?
Bentham
Raiffa
Bernoulli
Neumann
9
Multiple Choice
Jeremy Bentham (1789) is the first scholar developing decision theory.
True
False
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11
Multiple Choice
There are only two types of decision theory models, types and contexts.
True
False
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Multiple Choice
Normative model is also known as rational decision making.
True
False
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Multiple Choice
The definition of rational model is …
making an optimal choice between specific and clearly defined alternatives
limited conditions which drives the decision to satisfice, rather than optimize
standards of reasoning are products of differing social frameworks
recognizing warning signs that an unethical decision is approaching
15
Multiple Choice
The definition of bounded rationality is …
reliance on abstract intuitive reasoning
individual judgment is restricted in its ability to be rational
standards of reasoning are products of differing social frameworks
recognizing warning signs that an unethical decision is approaching
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Multiple Choice
Which is not a theory under rational model?
Prospect theory
Game theory
Decision analysis
Expected Utility Theory
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Multiple Choice
Game theory is also known as decision analysis.
True
False
19
Multiple Choice
Prisoner’s dilemma is an example of Game Theory.
True
False
20
Multiple Choice
Priming is a situation where no player could gain by changing their own strategy and holding all other players' strategies fixed.
True
False
21
Multiple Choice
What is the Nash Equilibrium?
Prisoner A and B confess
Prisoner A and B stay silent
Prisoner A confess while Prisoner B stay silent
Prisoner A stay silent while prisoner B confess
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Multiple Choice
Decision analysis is also known as statistical decision theory.
True
False
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Reorder
Reorder the following decision analysis steps
Generate alternatives
Assess impact of alternatives
Decision maker preference
Evaluate alternative against preference
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Multiple Choice
Expected Utility Theory (EUT) is…
how individuals assess their loss and gain perspectives in a loss aversion manner
that people maximize utility, meaning the subjective desirability of their actions
that an individual will perform a cost–benefit analysis to determine whether an option is right for them
identifying emotions and tracing their influences on decision-making
27
Match
Match the following rational models
equilibrium from player with some number of options and zero-sum game
AKA statistical decision theory
rational agents ought to maximize expected utility
Game Theory
Decision Analysis
Expected Utility Theory
Game Theory
Decision Analysis
Expected Utility Theory
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29
Multiple Choice
The definition of bounded rationality is …
reliance on abstract intuitive reasoning
individual judgment is restricted in its ability to be rational
standards of reasoning are products of differing social frameworks
recognizing warning signs that an unethical decision is approaching
30
Multiple Choice
Bounded Rationality is ...
reliance on abstract intuitive reasoning
limited conditions which drives the decision to satisfice, rather than optimize
standards of reasoning are products of differing social frameworks
recognizing warning signs that an unethical decision is approaching
31
Multiple Choice
Which does NOT refer to Maps of Bounded Rationality (Kahneman, 2002)?
Intuition
Accessibility
Framing effect
Expected Utility Theory
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Multiple Choice
Which does not refer to Kahneman's accessibility concept?
Accessibility
Counterfactuals
Framing Effects
Expected Utility Theory
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Multiple Choice
According to Kahneman’s (2002) two-system view, system 2 is fast thinking.
True
False
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Multiple Choice
These are concepts in the two-system view EXCEPT …
Perception
Intuition
Reasoning
Critical thinking
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Multiple Choice
The best way to overcome salience is …
Giving instruction
Play with emotions
Expose to stimulus
Compete with values
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Multiple Choice
It is easier to see the former object compared to the latter.
True
False
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Multiple Choice
In physical salience, the smaller object is paid more attention.
True
False
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Multiple Choice
Hot states are emotional arousal attracting attention.
True
False
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Match
Match the following stimulus salience
Emergency services would save the ones they see first
Public feel vulnerable since Aminulrasyid’s shooting
Patrols are given orders to search for suspicious drug transaction
Physical salience
Perceptual Salience
Deliberate attention
Physical salience
Perceptual Salience
Deliberate attention
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Multiple Choice
There were a lot of break ins happening at Shah Alam. When Aminulrasyid tried to flee, Korporal Jenain assumed he was a burglar and shot him.
Which accessibility concept does this refer to?
Stimulus salience
Selective attention
Intuition
Priming
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Multiple Choice
Stereotype is a form of priming.
True
False
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Multiple Choice
Stereotype is an exposure to a stimulus influencing the next stimulus.
True
False
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Match
Match the following priming concepts
Officer Harun instinctively arrested Khairul for trespassing
Officer Karen is white and refuses to charge another white woman for drunk driving
Black people are dangerous
Natural assessment
Bias
Stereotype
Natural assessment
Bias
Stereotype
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Match
Match the following priming concepts
During an exercise, Texas airport found that they had the wrong radio frequency
Shah Alam's 2021 flood was never as devastating before
Despite not being able to see clearly, Seabold still accused Broadwater of raping her
uncertainty
Unpredictability
Ambiguity
uncertainty
Unpredictability
Ambiguity
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Multiple Choice
Which bounded rationality concept does NOT refer to seeing the interpretation?
Necker cube
Ames room
MV Sewol Sinking
Heuristics
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Match
Match the following counterfactual concept on Najib's corruption.
Barisan Nasional was known to be corrupt but was not charged and there was a probability that corruption charges would not stick
Attorney-General Mohamed Apandi Ali dismissed Najib’s corruption are cues that Najib could escape the law
Najib almost got away with corruption if Mahathir didn’t probe
The achievement would be that Najib gets away with corruption
Disposition
Propensity
Counterfactual
Focal outcome
Disposition
Propensity
Counterfactual
Focal outcome
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Multiple Choice
The Asian Disease Problem is an example of Expected Utility Theory (EUT).
True
False
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Multiple Choice
People tend to choose …
Risk-averse when the outcomes are described in positive terms or gains (i.e. saving)
Risk-seeking when the outcomes are described in negative terms or losses (i.e. dying).
Which theory does this refer to?
Counterfactual
The Asian Disease Problem
Expected utility theory
Prospect theory (PT)
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Multiple Choice
Which is NOT true about framing effects?
Its the different formulation of messages
In positive terms, people avoid risk
In negative terms, people seek risk
Framing effects is a rational thinking model
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Multiple Choice
Which is an example of the framing effect?
The Asian Disease Problem
Counterfactuals
Prisoner's Dilemma
Prospect theory (PT)
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Multiple Choice
Prospect Theory (PT) is when maximizing your expected utility, regardless of the risk involved.
True
False
67
Multiple Choice
Prospect Theory is…
how individuals assess their loss and gain perspectives in a loss aversion manner
that people maximize utility, meaning the subjective desirability of their actions
that an individual will perform a cost–benefit analysis to determine whether an option is right for them
identifying emotions and tracing their influences on decision-making
68
Match
Match the following examples to the decision theory
Prisoner's dilemma
Ames Room
The Asian Disease Problem
Game Theory
Seeing the interpretation
Framing Effect
Game Theory
Seeing the interpretation
Framing Effect
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