Let's find out!

How do the Sun and Moon affect the Earth?

What we know about the night sky was known through observations, or specific​ things we notice through the use of our senses.

Observations

Stars: A giant ball of superheated gas.
Planets: Large objects that orbit the Sun.
Satellite: A body that orbits a planet.

​

Stars, Planets, and the Moon

Vocabulary

Comet: Loose collection of ice and dust that orbit the Sun
Meteor: A streak of light created by a burning space rock.
Constellation: A group of stars.

Final Vocabulary...for now

Geocentric: The Earth is the center of the Solar System
Heliocentric: The Sun is the center of the Solar System.
Ellipse: Oval shaped.

Which example is a pattern?

• Example A: 529403

• Example B: 123123
  
  

• ​Icy rocks, Meteoroids, burnt from our atmosphere.

• ​Bright streaks of light.

• Also known as Shooting Stars.

​

Meteors

• Mixture of dust and ice.

• Burnt by the Sun

• ​Comes with a glowing tail of hot dust and gas

​

​Comets

• Grouping of stars.

• Takes the pattern of animals/objects.

• The sky contains 88 Constellations.

Constellations

You can use constellations like a compass!

​

Constellations Cont.

Movement in the sky

• Constellations stay in the same position each month.

• Yet, change from month to month.

• Because of Earth's rotation.

• Rotation: Movement along an axis.

Seasons

• Geocentric Model

  • The Earth at the center of the Solar System.

• Many philosophers, including Aristotle, thought to be true.

• Greek Astronomer Ptolemy, in 140 CE, developed the idea!

​

• The Sun at the center of the solar system.

• Nicolaus Copernicus

  • Planets rotate and revolve

  • Reason to explain Stars/Sun movement
    
    

​

Heliocentric Model

​Helios, Greek God of the Sun

Conducted research to prove the Heliocentric Model with observations of Jupiter.

Galileo

Tycho Brahe noticed shape of Solar System was not a circle.

Johannes Kepler proved the Solar System has an ellipse shaped orbit.

​Brahe & Kepler

Further Evidence