Essential Question

What are the functions of carbohydrates?

Lesson Questions

1. What are carbon compounds?

2. What are carbohydrates?

3. How do carbohydrates function?

What are carbon compounds?

• Carbon is an element that can bond with many other elements (such as hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, and nitrogen).

• Carbon can form rings and very long chains.

What are carbon compounds?

• Carbon helps to form the backbone of large molecules (macromolecules).

• Macromolecules are formed when smaller units combine. These small units are called monomers. Monomers combine to form polymers. Each type of macromolecule has its own monomer.

What are carbohydrates?

• Carbohydrates are the first group of macromolecules.

• Carbohydrates are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (usually in a ratio of 1:2:1).

• Some examples of carbohydrates include:

  • sugar

  • starch, and

  • cellulose.
    

What are carbohydrates?

• Most carbohydrates end in "-ose."

• Carbohydrates can be classified as simple or complex:

• Simple:

  • called monosaccharides

  • Examples include glucose, galactose (found in milk), and fructose (found in fruit).

• Complex:

  • Formed by joining many monosaccharides

  • Example includes glycogen, starch, & cellulose (in plants)

How do carbohydrates function?

• Carbohydrates are important for the storing and releasing of quick energy.

• Carbohydrates are also useful for structural support and protection.

Write a summary of your notes in your notebook.

Show your summary to Mr. Buie to receive credit for your notes.