Energy Flow in an Ecosystem Lesson

Presentation

•

Science

•

11th - 12th Grade

•

Practice Problem

•

Medium

•

NGSS

MS-ESS1-1, MS-LS2-3, K-ESS3-1

+15

Standards-aligned

Victoria Rushin

Used 17+ times

FREE Resource

22 Slides • 8 Questions

Energy Flow in
an Ecosystem

How Ecosystems Work

Energy Flow

• Energy in an ecosystem originally

comes from the sun and flows
from producers to consumers
–Producers (make food)
–Consumers (use food by eating

producers or other consumers)

Multiple Choice

Where does Energy originate in an ecosystem?

From the moon

From underground geothermal sources

From ocean currents

From the sun

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of Producers during the Energy flow?

To absorb energy from consumers

To consume food

To break down waste materials

To make food

Producers

• Sunlight-source of

energy for most life
on earth.

• Producers contain

chlorophyll & use
energy directly from
the sun

• Also called autotrophs

Autotrophs

• Autotroph-organism that can

produce its own food (Ex. plants,
algae, some protists, & some
bacteria

Niche of a Producer

• Captures energy and transforms

it into organic, stored energy
(glucose)

a. photoautotrophs use light energy

(e.g. photosynthesis in plants)

b. chemoautotrophs use chemical

energy (e.g. cyanobacteria)

Chemoautotrophs

• Capture energy from

the bonds of inorganic
molecules such as
Hydrogen Sulfide

• Process is called

Chemosynthesis

• Often occurs in deep

sea vents or gut of
animals

Called a Black

smoker (thermal

vent)
copyright cmassengale

Multiple Choice

What is an autotroph?

An autotroph is an organism that can produce its own food.

An autotroph is an organism that cannot produce its own food.

An autotroph is an organism that only eats meat.

An autotroph is an organism that relies on other organisms for food.

Tube Worms living in Black

Smoker

Consumers

Heterotrophs that eat other

organisms to obtain energy.

(e.g. animals)

a. Herbivores

–only plants

b. Carnivores

–Only animals

Consumers

c. Omnivores (Humans)

– plants & animals

d. Detritivores (Scavengers)

– Dead plant & animal remains

(buzzards)

e. Decomposers

– fungi & bacteria

Multiple Choice

What is a heterotroph?

An organism that can produce its own food through photosynthesis

An organism that only consumes meat for energy

An organism that lives in extreme environments

An organism that cannot produce its own food and relies on consuming other organisms for energy.

Multiple Choice

What is a carnivore?

A creature that feeds on both plants and meat.

An animal that only eats plants.

An organism that lives in water.

An animal that primarily eats meat.

Multiple Choice

What is an omnivore?

An omnivore is an animal that eats both plants and other animals.

An omnivore is an animal that eats sunlight.

An omnivore is an animal that eats rocks and minerals.

An omnivore is an animal that eats only plants.

Feeding Relationships

Energy flows in one

direction

from producers to

different levels of
consumers

Feeding Relationships

• Food Chain

–Simple energy path through an

ecosystem

• Food Web

–Realistic path through an

ecosystem made of many food
chains

Food Chain

Producer

Primary
Consumer

Secondary
Consumer

Tertiary
consumer

Quaternary
Consumer

Name the Producer, Consumers

& Decomposers in this food

chain:

Food Web

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?

A food chain is circular, while a food web is linear.

A food chain involves only producers, while a food web includes consumers.

A food chain represents energy flow, while a food web shows predator-prey relationships.

A food chain is linear, while a food web is interconnected.

Trophic Levels

Each level in A food chain or food

web is a trophic level.

a. Producers

–Always first (1st) trophic level

(how energy enters the system)

• Herbivores

–Second (2nd) trophic Level

Trophic Levels

c.Carnivores/Omnivores

–Remaining trophic levels

Each level depends on the

one below it for energy.

Ecological Pyramids

Amounts of energy or matter at

each trophic level

May be:
• Energy Pyramid
• Biomass Pyramid
• Pyramid of Numbers

Energy Pyramid

Biomass Pyramid

Pyramid of Numbers

Multiple Choice

How much energy is transferred as we move up an energy pyramid?

10%

75%

50%

25%

Energy Flow in
an Ecosystem

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