Speciation Review

Evolution

Divergence

random mutations

natural selection

artificial selection

selective breeding

When populations no longer look the same

When populations no longer have the same frequency of alleles

When populations are living in different environments

When populations can no longer interbreed

random mutations

natural selection

isolation (separation)

non-random mating

Mechanical isolation

Mechanical isolation

Geographic isolation

Temporal isolation

Mechanical isolation

Behavioral isolation

Geographic isolation

Peripatric speciation

2 species of penguins living on different continents; 1 in Antarctica, another in S. America

2 species of penguins having different diets; 1 eats krill the other eats squid

2 species of penguins hunting at different times of the day; 1 AM and the other PM

2 species of penguins having different mating calls

Competition would increase

The species would change their food preferences to change their niche

relationships among different species

time of when different species diverged

common ancestors

relationship between parent and offspring

diverged before C

it is more related to C than to E

it shares 1 common ancestor with C

it has no relationship to M

it's extinct

Points where the species converge into a single species (convergent evolution)

Points that indicate the end of a species (extinction)

Points where one species diverges into a separate species (speciation)

the more unrelated they are.

the less related they are.

the more distantly related they are.

the closer they are related.

domain

kingdom

class

order

Order

Family

Genus

Species

they are the same species

their DNA might be closely related

there is no relationship at all

they are separate species

they belong in the same genus

DNA evidence: check if their DNA is closely similar

geographic evidence: check if they live near each other

anatomy: check if they are shaped the same

genus name: genus name is the same