​Let's review energy transfer...

a measure of the degree of hotness in an object - can cause substances to expand or contract and can result in a change of state of matter.

Temperature

the energy contained within a system responsible for its temperature.

HEAT is the flow of Thermal Energy. Flows from high temp to low temp.

Thermal Energy

What is thermal energy?

When heat flows out of an object, the change in heat is negative.

When heat flows into an object, the change in heat is positive.

There is no such thing as "cold".
When you feel cold, you are simply feeling the absence of heat.

​transfr of energy through matter and by direct contact of particles.
- Solids are the best conductors of heat - particles are already close together

​​Conduction

transfer of energy by the movement of heated particles.
- Occurs in liquids and gases- currents move heat from warmer to cooler parts of the substance

Convection

​transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves
- Occurs fastest in gases - can be absorbed or reflected

Radiation

​materials that allow heat to flow easily
- metals and skin

​​Conductors

materials that do NOT allow heat to flow easily
- air, styrofoam, plastic, fiberglass

​​Insulators