embedded systems

embedded systems

Objective

•Describe the purpose and characteristics of an embedded system
and identify devices in which they are commonly used.

A computer is an electronic
device that can be programed to
complete a task.
Computers accept data as an
input. They can process and
store and retrieve data. They
produce an output.

A General Purpose Computer can be
programmed and reprogrammed to do
many different tasks.

An Embedded Computer is
pre-programmed to do one task
(or a limited set of tasks).

A General Purpose Computer can be
programmed and reprogrammed to do
many different tasks.
E.g. A desktop computer

An Embedded Computer is
pre-programmed to do one task
(or a limited set of tasks).
E.g. a programmable robot toy

Embedded systems

• An embedded system is a combination of hardware and software which is

designed to carry out a specific set of functions (dedicated functions).

• Examples can be found in:
• Domestic appliances
• Cars
• Security systems
• Lighting systems
• Vending machines

•Embedded systems are not the same as a general purpose computer because they are used to perform many different functions (e.g. a laptop)

•Embedded systems carry out a specific set of functions only

Embedded systems

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oPn_adlC1Q0
• Embedded systems can be based on:

• An embedded system will have a specific set of tasks
• Here is how they work in general:

Inputs

Either:

•Data is input manually by the operator

• E.g. select a temperature from a keypad or turn a dial on an oven

•Data comes from an automatic source

• E.g. from a sensor

Outputs

•Outputs are used to carry out the function of the embedded system
•Signals are sent to the components that are being controlled

• E.g. increase power to a heating element, reduce fuel intake to engine

Updating the system

Non-programmable embedded systems
•Usually need to be replaced of they require a software update

Programmable embedded systems; upgraded by:
•Connecting the device to a computer and allowing the download of
updates to the software (e.g. satnav maps)
•Automatic updates via Wi-Fi, Satellite or mobile networks (e.g. some
cars update via satellite links)

Benefits and drawbacks of devices being controlled using
embedded systems