​Food Chains

The simplest way to show feeding relationships within an ecosystem is a food chain.

In any food chain, the arrow means 'is eaten by'. It also shows the direction of energy flow.

​In this food chain, the grass is the producer. It photosynthesises to produce food materials.

​The grasshopper is the primary consumer. It is an animal which eats the producer and is a herbivore.

​The lizard is the secondary consumer. It eats the primary consumer and is also a carnivore.

​Pyramid of Numbers

​Represent the numbers of organisms in each trophic level in a food chain.

Shows the total mass of the organisms in each trophic level.​

​Pyramid of Biomass