2 8th review

• Air molecules are squeezed closely together

• Temperature is cool and dry

• Areas with high pressure have clear, sunny skies

• Air molecules are spaced out

• Temperature is warm and moist

• Areas with low pressure will be warm and rainy

• The lithosphere is made from the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle

• The lithosphere is rigid, brittle rock

• These plates float on the asthenosphere

• The super continent that Alfred Wegener described in his theory of Continental Drift

• Convection currents in the asthenosphere drive the movement of lithospheric plates

• Hot magma in the asthenosphere begins to rise, similar to the way hot air rises.

• As it rises to the top of the asthenosphere, it cools and becomes more dense.

• This cooler, dense magma then sinks again. As it sinks, it gets warmer, until the process begins again

• This movement of magma is what drives the plates to move.

By Edge

HR Diagrams show temperature/color in relation to relative brightness.

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HR Diagrams

Most stars live in the main sequence for the majority of their lives. Our star is a yellow star within this main sequence.

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Main Sequence

Blue Giants are massive, fast burning stars that are the hottest and brightest in our universe. They use up their fuel quickly (relative to other stars).

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Blue Giants

Red Giants are massive, relatively cool stars. our star will become a red giant after the hydrogen is gone. Blue giants turn into red SUPERgiants at the end of their hydrogen.

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Red Giants

White dwarfs are small, white, very hot stars. Our star will become a white dwarf after the reg diant phase.

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White Dwarfs

The closer to the Y axis, the hotter the star. Thus, white dwarfs and blue giants are the hottest stars.

The further from the Y axis, the cooler the star. Red giants are large, but very cool.​

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Temperature

Brightness on the HR diagram increases the further you get from the X axis. Blue and red giants are the brightest stars mainly due to their size; not temperature!

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Brightness

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