Day 3, ACP

Providing the instructions for the traits of an organism

Preventing mutations from occurring during DNA replication

Allowing the DNA to have the shape necessary for replication

Helping form the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA molecules

replication, which is the formation of new alleles

translation, which is the process that converts mRNA into protein

transcription, which is the process of copying a sequence of DNA to RNA

recombination, which ensures that each cell has one complete set of instructions

Deletion mutation

Insertion mutation

Point mutation

Frame-shift mutation

Somatic cell mutations occur in cells that give rise to gametes. Gamete mutations occur in cells that result in apoptosis.

Somatic cell mutations are maintained in the gene pool. Gamete mutations are expelled from the gene pool.

Somatic cell mutations are generally not passed to offspring. Gamete mutations are usually passed to offspring.

Somatic cell mutations will not be expressed by the individual that contains the mutation. Gamete mutations will be expressed by the individual.

Substitution

Insertion

Deletion

Frameshift

DNA replication

RNA splicing

Protein folding

DNA transcription

The alleles for fur color change as the arctic fox grows older.

Gene expression for fur color is regulated by latitude.

The arctic fox has two traits for fur color that are determined at birth.

Gene expression for fur color is regulated by temperature.