Biomolecules

Biomolecules

Monomers

Polymer

Biomolecules are large organic molecules found in living things.

Carbohydrates

Polymer

Monomer

Polysaccharide

Monosaccharide

Living things use carbohydrates as sources of energy and for
structural purposes.

Carbohydrates

Not all polysaccharides are the same.

Your body can’t digest
cellulose because of
the direction of the
bond.

We commonly call
cellulose we eat, fiber.

Lipids

Unsaturated

Lipids are a large and
varied group of
biomolecules that are not
generally soluble in
water.

There are three common
types of Lipids.

The one on the right is a
Triglyceride.

Fatty Acids

Lipids

Phospholipids have a phosphate head which
is hydrophilic and a lipid tail which is
hydrophobic.

Lipids

Sterols have a 4 ring backbone

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are polymers made of nucleotide monomers.

Nitrogenous base

5-carbon sugar

Phosphate group

Nucleic Acids

DNA and RNA are
two common Amino
acids.

The DNA pictured here, is made of two chains of nucleotides stuck together.

Proteins

There are 20
amino acids
coded for by
your DNA.

9 are
Essential
because
they have to
come from
your food

Protein Structure

A protein is a functional molecule built
from one or more polypeptides.

Proteins have for layers of structure.

Many proteins in your body are
enzymes.

Enzymes are
proteins that act
as little machines
to speed up
reactions.

Atoms in Each

CHO, CHO, CHON, CHONP.

●

Carbohydrates have Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms

●

Lipids have Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms

●

Proteins have Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen atoms

●

Nucleic Acids have Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and
Phosphorus atoms

CHO, CHO, CHON, CHONP.