James Monroe

Life Before Presidency

●Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia April 28, 1758

●Studied at the College of William and Mary but left to fight in the
American Revolutionary War

●Studied law under Thomas Jefferson and became and practicing
lawyer in Virginia

●Secretary of State and Secretary War: Held both positions at the same
time, gaining significant political experience and influence

●Married Elizabeth Kortright Monroe in 1786. They had three children:
Eliza, Maria Hester, and James Spence Monroe.

Elections of 1816, 1820, and 1824

●Monroe (Democratic-Republican) and Tompkins (VP) win over Rufus
King (Federalist) by both popular vote and electoral college in 1816,
the eighth presidential election

●The election of 1816 solidified the end of the Federalist party after
their opposition to the War of 1812

●Monroe and Tompkins win reelection in 1820 at the height of the Era
of Good Feelings with little competition due to the collapse of the
Federalist party

●John Quincy Adams won the election of 1824 via the House as
Jackson only won on voting plurality, but not on the electoral college

American System Established (1815)

●Henry Clay began expressing his ideas to congress of the U.S. having
economic independence from Britain in 1815

●Clay’s ideas were referred to as the American system which included:
Establishing a tariff for export, the recharter of the national bank,
and encouragement of internal transportation (steam boats,
railroads, etc…)

Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817)

●Agreement that passed after the war of 1812 in order to ease tension
between the United States and Britain.

●limited naval capability on the Great Lakes because of Canadian
affairs with Great Britain during War of 1812.

The Panic of 1819

●The first economic crisis in the United States started due to poor
banking policies and bad loans from the bank

●Most people bought land by using borrowed money from the banks
after the war of 1812

●

The effects were a dip in the cotton market in southern states and
falling prices throughout the country.

●Due to belief of the laissez- faire economic policies (abstention of
government) government intervention was minimal

The Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)

●Also known as the Florida treaty purchase, the Adams- Onis treaty
was an agreement between the United States and Spain

●The agreement established a western boundary between the United
States and Spanish colonies

●Spain's cessation of Florida was vital to settling border disputes
between the U.S. and the European power

●America also acquired other spanish claimed colonies such as
Washington, Oregon, Montana, Wyoming, and parts of Idaho

The Missouri Compromise (1820)

●Admitted Missouri into the nation as a slave state, and Maine as a
free state

●Established the boundary of prohibiting slavery as north of the 36’30’’
parallel

●Helped keep balance of voting power between the North and South

●Federalists and Democratic-Republicans were against the spread of
slavery, while Democrats were for it

●Speaker of the House Henry Clay proposed the compromise between
the two sides, which Monroe signed into law

Era of Good Feelings (1815-1825)

Territorial Expansion and National Identity:

-Louisiana Purchase and Florida expanded borders

-Grew a sense of american identity and nationalism

Economic Expansion:

-Agriculture, trade, manufacturing thrived

-Strengthening the nation's economy and contributing to a sense of
hope and progress

National Unity:

-Reduced political conflict as the federalist party declined

-The end of the war of 1812 and succeeding a economic growth
contributed to a feeling of national pride and agreement.

The Monroe Doctrine (1823)

Non-colonization and Non-intervention:

-Any additional colonization in the Americas by European powers
would be viewed as an act of aggression directed against the US.

-A promise that the United Stestes would not interfere in the internal
affairs of its current colonies in Europe

Protection of justification:

-Defending the independence and seld rule off countries in the
Americas

-Tge doctrine aimed to prevent European countries from reasserting
control over colonies

VP Daniel Tompkins

●Lived from 1774-1825

●Had a brother in the House, married Hannah Tompkins and had 8
children

●Was Governor of New York from 1807-1817, Democratic Republican

●Established and died in Tompkinsville, New York

●Tried to run for President, but settled as a running mate for Monroe

●Policies included funding military and education, pro-war (supported
war of 1812), and advocated for humane treatment of prisoners

●Most of his tenure was spent fighting accusations of misused funds
from the War of 1812

●Fell into financial ruin and deep alcoholism in office and died in 1825