Grade 8 - Revisen

• Christopher columbus is one of the most famous explorers of all time!

• Columbus was born in Genoa in 1451.

• Genoa was a major port city

• Columbus and his crew sailed on August 3rd, 1492.
  After five weeks on the Atlantic Ocean, on October 12th, 1492, they finally found land.

• Columbus made four more voyages to the New World.

• Started 1789 against King Louis XVI

• The Reign of Terror

• The French Revolution ended when Napoleon became emperor

The French Revolution ends

​The revolution came to an end 1799 when a general named Napoleon overthrew the revolutionary government and established the French Consulate (with Napoleon as leader).

​Napoleon put an end to the French Republic that the Revolution had won. In 1804 Napoleon had himself crowned emperor. He then crowned his wife, Josephine, Empress. He let his ambition and desire for power spread war across Europe. Yet he also made some good changes in the French government.

​In 1812, Napoleon declared war on Russia. He attacked with an army of nearly 600,000 men. He won a major victory over the Russians at the battle of Borodino. However, the Russian armies were clever. They fled eastward, leading Napoleons army on a chase deep into the heart of Russia. As the Russians retreated , they destroyed everything of value in Napoleon's path.

The Revolutionary War (1775-83), also known as the American Revolution, arose from growing tensions between residents of Great Britain’s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government, which represented the British crown

• French and Indian War-England demanded colonies pay for the war to protect them

• Taxes- The colonists did not want to pay taxes as they had no representation back in England

• Boston Tea Party- Colonists protested tax on tea by throwing English tea into the harbor!

• Battle of Trenton-first significant American victory! Showed the colonists that we could fight and win

• Battle of Yorktown-Americans trap large British army and force surrender! Americans win the war!

• George Washington-General of the Continental Forces

• Thomas Jefferson-Writer of much of the Declaration of Independence

• Benjamin Franklin-Member of the Continental Congress, got France to join our side in the war.

• American independence!

• American economic output increases, new factories and trade

• America can expand westward

• George Washington was the first President of the United States.

• He is known as the “Father of His Country”

• George Washington owned slaves.

• George Washington never lived in the White House.