Covalent Bonds Notes

Molecules

Two or more atoms of the same or
different elements, covalently bonded
together.

Molecules are discrete structures, and
their formulas represent each atom
present in the molecule.

Carbon
tetrachloride,
CCl4

Binary Molecular Compounds

▪ Compounds between two nonmetals
▪ First element in the formula is named first.

▪ Keeps its element name
▪ Gets a prefix if there is a subscript on it

▪ Second element is named second

▪ Use the root of the element name plus the

-ide suffix

▪ Always use a prefix on the second element

List of
Prefixes

▪ 1 = mon(o)
▪ 2 = di
▪ 3 = tri
▪ 4 = tetra
▪ 5 = penta
▪ 6 = hexa
▪ 7 = hepta
▪ 8 = octa
▪ 9 = nona
▪ 10 = deca

Naming Binary Compounds

P2O5=

CO2 =

CO =

N2O =

diphosphorus pentoxide

carbon dioxide

carbon monoxide

dinitrogen monoxide

Practice – Write the Formula

Check next slide for answers

Answers – Write the Formula

Practice – Name the Compounds

Check next slide for answers

Answers – Name the Compounds

Properties of Covalent Bonds

� Covalent bonds are much weaker

than ionic bonds

� Much lower melting and boiling

points

� Is a solid, liquid, or gas at room

temperature

� Non-conductors in any state