Dental Bleaching Material

Esthetic dentistry

Tooth discoloration

​Whitening agent

Dental Bleaching

Introduction

Dental bleaching materials are substances used to whitening teeth. They typically contain hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide as the active bleaching agents. These agents break down stains on the tooth surface, resulting in a lighter shade of teeth. Dental bleaching materials can be in the form of gels, strips, trays, or in-office treatments applied by dental professionals.

N1 --> Direct Stain --> Chromogenic

N2 --> Direct dental stain --> Colored materials

N3 --> Indirect dental stain --> colorless materials or prechomogens

External / Extrinsic stain

Location --> Enamel & Dentin structure

Source --> Local & Systemic

Internal / Intrinsic stain

​CHARACTERISTIC OF INTRINSIC DISCOLORATION

​CHARACTERISTIC OF EXTRINSIC DISCOLORATION

BLEACHING / TOOTH WHITENING

1. Prosedur Estetika

2. Seringkali melengkapi perawatan gigi lain

3. Proses oksidasi yang ditunjang penyerapan cahaya dan direfleksikan pada permukaan gigi

4. Oksidasi dibutuhkan pada prosedur pemutihan dengan netralka ikatan ganda penyebab diskolorasi

• Hidrogen peroxide / Carbamide peroxide --> active agent

• Sodium perborate / Carboxy poly methylene --> thickening agent

• Glycerin atau glycol propylene --> surfactant

• Methyl propylparabean atau sodium benzoate --> preservative agent + antibacterial agent

• Saccharine, sassafras, peppermint, spearmint --> flavoring agent

SIDE EFFECT

• Ulceration

• Soreness

• White spot or banding within tooth

• Sore throat

• Unpleasant taste

• Burning palate

• Pain

• Sensitivity

• Gastric irritation

• Damage the organic matrix in the tooth

​PEROXIDE CONCENTRATION

PROPERTIES OF BLEACHING MATERIAL

1.Neutral pH

2.Easy to apply

3.Not irritate or dehydrate oral tissue

4.Not cause any harm to the tooth being bleached

5.Adhere to tooth structure

6.Contrasting colour with the oral structure

7.Adjustable peroxide concentration

8.Give desired result within short time

1. High consentration

2. On pulp less teeth

3. Strong caustic effect

4. Dangerous for the periodontal tissue

Sodium dioxide

1. Strong oxidizing agent

2. Release free radical

3. Tooth sensitivity

4. Protection need

​Hydrogen peroxide

Carbamid peroxide

1. Breakdown into hydrogen peroxide

2. More safe than hydrogen peroxide

​PROCEDURE AND MATERIALS OF OVER THE COUNTER

1. Whitening dentifrice : abrasive, enzym that break down biological film

2. Rinses : low consentration hydrogen peroxide (1,5%)

3. Chewing gums : sodium hexametaphosphate (4,0 – 7,5%)

4. Paint-on gel : hydrogen or carbamid peroxide brushed on tooth

5. Whitening strips : adhesive strips used once or twice a day