T2 Review for the final exam

Do you remember the activity when you were a botanical explorer at Gimnasio Los Arrayanes Gardens?

So, the following example are the results when two students (Martín and Paula) did the scientific exploration: they observed, identified, described and classified the different plants in the gardens. They completed the following chart:

Chart 1 Statistical worksheet show the classification and numbers of each plant species.​

Botanical explorer activity

Then, Martín and Paula drew some structures (flowers, fruits, cones, capsules, sorus, leaves) of each plant according to their type (angiosperm, gymnosperm, fern or moss), and create the following Chart 2:

Remember that:

·      Angiosperms have flowers and fruits.

·      Gymnosperms have cones.

·      Ferns have sorus.

·      Mosses have capsules (sporangium).​

Botanical explorer activity

Fungi are different from plants, because fungi cannot produce their own food, they don’t have leaves, flowers, fruits and roots, but for example the mushrooms have cap (1), gills (2), stalk (4), hyphaes (5) and mycelium parts, and reproduce with spores.

​

Fungi kingdom

Rocks have different properties. A property is the hardness.

For example, chalk is soft and crumbles easily into powder. Marble is hard and waterproof.

Friedrich Mohs decided that if he used one rock to scratch another, he could see which was the harder rock.

Hard rocks leave scratch marks on softer rocks. The following chart shows the Mots’ Hardness Test Scale in different examples:

Moh's hardness test

Not all rocks are the same. Rocks can be one color or have different colors in them. Some are rough, and some are smooth. Some are shiny, and some are dull. Rocks are made up of small parts called grains. When the grains are very small, we say the rocks are fine-grained. When the grains are larger, we say the rocks are coarse-grained. Sometimes, rocks have shiny crystals in them. Scientists who study rocks at the surface of the Earth are called geologists. Geology is important because it helps us understand how Earth came to have its present shape and form.​

​Dinosaurs Newspaper

By Michi