SP I-2 Unit 4 Review

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

What is the present progressive?

-It is a way to express what is happening right now by using the verb "to be" and the "ing" form of the verb.

How is it formed?

-The form of estar and the present participle/gerund.

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE- Form of estar

The first step in the present progressive is the form of estar. Don't forget the accent mark!

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE- present participle

The second step in the present progressive is the form of present participle.

-ar verbs: take off -ar and add -ando

-ex: estudiar- estudiando

-er/-ir verbs: take off -er/-ir and add -iendo

-ex: beber- bebiendo; escribir- escribiendo

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE- present participle irregulars

There are a number of irregular present participles.

1. 3 vowel rule

   1. If your verb is -er/-ir and the stem ends in a vowel, your participle will have 3 vowels in a row. This is not allowed so change the "i" to "y"

   2. Example: traer...traiendo...trayendo

   3. common verbs- traer, oír, creer, construir, leer

2. -ir stem changers (don't stem change -ar or -er verbs)

   1. -ir verbs will have a single letter change in the present participle (e to i or o to u)

   2. Example: dormir...dormiendo...durmiendo

   3. common verbs- dormir, pedir, servir, decir

VERBS LIKE GUSTAR

What is different about verbs like gustar?

-They don't conjugate like normal verbs.

-They only have 2 forms (singular or plural)

-Don't agree with the subject

How is it formed?

-A clarifier, an object pronoun and the verb

VERBS LIKE GUSTAR- Clarifier

The first step in using verbs like gustar is the clarifier. You cannot use subject pronouns (yo, tú, etc)

VERBS LIKE GUSTAR- Object Pronoun

Next you will use the object pronoun that agrees with the clarifier.

VERBS LIKE GUSTAR- verb conjugation

The third step in using verbs like gustar is the verb conjugation.

-There are only 2 forms; singular and plural

-Singular- word AFTER verb is el/la/verb

-take off -ar add -a OR take off -er/-ir add -e

-Plural- word AFTER is los/las

-take off -ar add -an OR take off -er/-ir add -en

VERBS LIKE GUSTAR- verb conjugation

​followed by el, la or verb

​followed by los or las