STAAR ALT 2 US HISTORY EOC RELEASED 2019 TEST

• ​North is up

• South is down

• West is to the left

• East is to the right

• ​President- chief executive of the USA (example: Joe Biden)

• Governor- chief executive of the state (example: Greg Abbott)

• Mayor- chief executive of a local government (example: Houston's Mayor is Sylvester Turner)

• Checks and Balances-each branch is given power to check on the other two branches. (Executive branch, Legislative Branch, Judicial Branch)

• Federalism-the constitutional division of power between the US state governments and the national government

• Popular Sovereignty-the idea that the power of a state and its government are created and sustained by the permission of its people.

​Types of Governments

• Democracy- people vote for government representatives/leaders

• Oligarchy- governed by a small group of people

• Monarchy- government/people ruled by one single ruler (King/Queen)

• Totalitarian- government controls all aspects of life, no individual freedom

• Dictatorship- governed by one person with total power

​Discrimination-when someone treats you differently, unfairly or worse

Examples of discrimination:

-race (color of your skin)

-age

-sexuality

-gender

-religion

​Transcontinental Railroad

It revolutionized travel, connecting areas of the Western United States with the East. Prior to its completion, traveling to the West Coast from the East required months of dangerous overland travel or an arduous trip by boat around the southern tip of South America.

• Effects of the Transcontinental Railroad:

1. People and goods could travel long distances more easily.

2. Trade between U.S. states increased.

3. American Indians lost territory to the railroads.