• Wealthy closest to CBD

• Lower income residents furthest from CBD

• Spine of developments

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Latin-American Model

Example of the Spine coming out from Mexico City​

Paseo de la Reforma

neighborhood of extreme poverty, homelessness, and lawlessness. Common in Latin American urban areas

​​Favela (barrio)

ring in Latin American cities consisting of poorly built housing

​​Shantytown (periferico)

​collection of homes where people have no legal right to live there

​​Squatter Settlement

• ​African cities often have 3 CBDs: colonial, traditional, and periodic market zone

• Sub-Saharan Africa is the least urbanized area of the world, but the most rapidly urbanizing

​The African City

​Southeast Asian City (McGee Model)

Urban Density and Land-Use

Based on your experiences, what do you think about cities?

• Lack of manufacturing

• Lack of residences

• Office jobs

• Support services for workers

• Skyscrapers

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​Characteristics of the CBD

population density declines the further you are from the CBD

Density Gradient

demand and price of real estate changes as you move from the CBD. Generally, demand and price is highest closest to the CBD

​Bid- Rent Theory

Central Business District Vocab

• Determined by bid-rent aka value of the land

• This land-use shapes the city

• Large towering buildings in the CBD: less usable/valuable land available = more skyscrapers.

• Smaller buildings in the outlying areas

• Shaped by history

​Urban Land-Use

• Population density is a measure of the number of people living in a given area.

• Typically expressed as the number of people per square kilometer or per square mile.

Population Density

​

• Dense population clusters generally coincide with geographical locations

  referred to as the CBD

• Can be a useful tool for understanding the distribution and concentration of people within a region.

• Types of residential housing in cities can influence culture and technological abilities Ex: tall buildings in the CBD

• It can have a significant impact on the social, economic, and political character of an area.      

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​Population Density

The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas

Ex: Atlanta

​

Urban Sprawl

​area of green space often used to help control urban sprawl.

​​Greenbelts

a district outside a city, especially a prosperous area beyond the suburbs

Ex: Baldwin County

​​Exurbs

​defined as a municipality of more than 100,000 people that has been growing at a double-digit pace for three consecutive decades and that is not the major city of any metropolitan area.

Ex: Irvine, California; Irving, Texas; Lakewood, Colorado; and Chesapeake, Virginia.

​​Boomburbs

​The Future of Cities

​focuses on human-scaled urban design; emphasis on walkable blocks and streets and residences in close proximity to shopping and work

​​New Urbanism

​smaller growth rate than average city due to a ring of land maintained as parks or agriculture in order to control urban sprawl

​​Slow Growth City

​shift in population marked by a desire to return to urban areas

Reurbanization