Ionic Bonding
Presentation
•
Chemistry
•
11th Grade
•
Practice Problem
•
Medium
Standards-aligned
Julia Lequin
Used 19+ times
FREE Resource
7 Slides • 17 Questions
1
LecturePLUS Timberlake
2
Ionic Bonds
● Attraction between two or more atoms
● Interaction between valence electrons
of at least a metal and a nonmetal is called ionic bonding
2
LecturePLUS Timberlake
3
Valence Electrons
● Electrons in the highest (outer) electron level
● Have most contact with other atoms
● Known as valence electrons
● Outer shells of noble gases contain 8 valence
electrons (except He = 2)
Example:
Ne 2, 8
Ar2, 8, 8
3
Multiple Choice
Which group/family has the most valence electrons?
alkali metals
alkaline earth metals
halogens
noble gases
4
Multiple Select
Which groups lose their electrons during chemical bonding with other elements?
group 1/alkali metals
group 2/alkaline earth metals
group 3/boron family
transition metals
5
Multiple Select
Which groups receive electrons from metal elements during ionic bonding?
group 5
group 6
group 7
noble gases
6
symbols of an element with dots around it representing valence electrons only
Electron or Lewis Dot Structure to Represent Valence Electrons of Elements
The chlorine atom has 7 dots around its element symbol because it is in group 7(or column 17) which has 7 valence electrons in its outer energy levels.
7
Multiple Select
Which two elements have the same number of electron dots around their symbol?
oxygen
nitrogen
boron
aluminum
8
Multiple Select
Which two elements could represent the shown lewis or electron dot structure shown in the picture?
Be
Li
Ca
C
9
LecturePLUS Timberlake
5
Learning Check
Draw the electron dot of valence electrons of the elements listed below.
Write your answers in your notes.
Li Mg Al N S F Ne
10
Multiple Select
Which two pairs of elements would have the same electron dots around their symbols and why?
Al and Si, both belongs to the same period
Ca and Ra, both belongs to the same group
Fe and Co, both are transition metals
Ne and Kr, both are noble gases
11
LecturePLUS Timberlake
7
Octet Rule
● An octet in the outer shell makes atoms stable
● Electrons are lost, gained or shared to form an octet
Ionic compounds are formed when a metal bonds with a nonmetal element.
The two elements reach octet to become neutral and stable.
12
Formation of Ions From Metals
Ionic compounds result when metals react with nonmetals.
Metals lose electrons when reacting with nonmetals to achieve 8 filled valence shells.
Positive ions (cations) formed when the number of electrons are less than number of protons.
13
Ions From Nonmetals
In ionic compounds, nonmetals 5A, 6A, 7A gains electrons
Nonmetals add electrons to achieve octet.
Negative ions (anions) formed when the number of electrons are more than number of protons.
Group 5A (column 15) are -3 ions
Group 6A (column 16) are -2 ions
Group 7A (column 17) are -1 ions
14
Multiple Select
Which two elements have the ionic charges of -2?
N
O
Se
Be
15
Multiple Choice
Which elements have -3 ionic charges and why?
Al, B, Ga; belong to group 3
N, P, As; belongs to group 5A
C, N, O; belongs to period 2
Na, Mg, Si; belongs to period 3
16
Multiple Choice
Which element has an ionic charge of -2 and why?
oxygen, it is period 2
calcium, it is group 2
oxygen, it has 6 valence electrons
magnesium, it has 2 valence electrons
17
Multiple Choice
Which elements are already stable and why?
Fr and Lr, it has the most energy levels
Fe and Co, belongs to transition metlas
Xe and Ar, noble gases has 8 filled valence electrons
18
Multiple Select
Why do atoms of different elements bond?
to achieve 7 energy levels
to achieve excited state
to achieve octet valence electrons
to become neutral and stable
19
Multiple Choice
When calcium reacts with fluorine, what is the correct name of the ionic compound formed?
calcide fluoride
calcium fluoride
calcium fluorine
fluorine calcide
20
Multiple Choice
When calcium bonds with fluorine, what is the ion formula of the anion formed?
Ca-2
Ca+2
F-1
F+1
21
Multiple Choice
What is the oxidation state of the phosphorus atom and why?
loses 5 electrons; it has 5 valence electrons
gains 3 electrons; it has 5 valence electrons
loses 3 electrons; it is group 5A
gains 3 electrons; it is period 3
22
Multiple Choice
When aluminum bonds with oxygen, what is the correct ion formula of the cation?
Al+3
O-2
Al-3
O+2
23
Open Ended
Write the ion formula of the following elements:
francium, radium, aluminum
24
Open Ended
Write the ion formula of the following elements:
bromine, sulfur, nitrogen
LecturePLUS Timberlake
2
Ionic Bonds
● Attraction between two or more atoms
● Interaction between valence electrons
of at least a metal and a nonmetal is called ionic bonding
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