ablative review, including BG 1.1-2

How do you translate most ablatives?

Ablatives tend to add what information to the sentence?

singular ablative endings tend to be...

plural ablative endings tend to be...

Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres, quarum unam incolunt Belgae, aliam Aquitani, tertiam qui ipsorum linguā Celtae, nostrā Galli appellantur.

Gaul as a whole is divided into three parts, of which the Belgae inhabit one, the Aquitani another, and the third the people who ___ their own language are called Celts, ___ ours, Gauls.

Hi omnes linguā, institutīs, lēgibus inter se differunt.

All of these peoples differ amongst themselves ___ language, customs, laws.

Gallos ab Aquitanīs Garumna flumen, a Belgīs Matrona et Sequana dividit.

The Garonne river divides the Gauls ___ the Aquitani; the Marne and Seine divide (them) ___ the Belgae.

proximique sunt Germanis, qui trans Rhenum incolunt, quibuscum continenter bellum gerunt.

And they are the closest to the Germans, who live across the Rhine, with whom they constantly wage war.

WHERE'S THE ABLATIVE?

Quā dē causā Helvetiī quoque reliquōs Gallōs virtute praecedunt,

From which cause the Helvetii also surpass the remaining Gauls in courage,

WHERE ARE THE TWO ABLATIVES?

quod fere cotidianīs proeliīs cum Germanīs contendunt,

because they compete in almost daily battles with the Germans

HOW MANY ABLATIVE PHRASES ARE IN THIS LINE?

cum aut suīs finibus eōs prohibent aut ipsī in eōrum finibus bellum gerunt.

when either they (the Helvetians) block them (the Germans) from their borders or they themselves (the Helvetians) wage war within their (the Germans') borders

WHAT DO THESE ABLATIVES TELL US ABOUT THE VERB?

Apud Helvetios longe nobilissimus fuit et ditissimus Orgetorix.

Among the Helvetii, by far the noblest and wealthiest was Orgetorix.

HOW MANY ABLATIVE PHRASES ARE IN THIS LINE?

Is M. Messalā [et] M. Pisone consulibus regni cupiditate inductus coniurationem nobilitatis fecit