Stem changing French -er verbs

​Notice that the accent aigue that appears in the infinitive becomes an accent grave in 1st,2nd,3rd person singular and 3rd person plural conjugations.

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​Look at the conjugation of the verb espérer

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nous espé​rons we hope

vous espé​rez you all hope

ils espè​rent they hope (m)

elles espè​rent they hope (f)

​j'espère I hope

tu espè​res you hope

il espère he hopes

elle ​espère she hopes

on ​espère one hopes

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​célébrer- to celebrate

considé​rer- to consider

possé​der- to possess

repé​ter- to repeat

pré​férer- to prefer

proté​ger- to protect

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​other -er verbs conjugated like espérer

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If you draw an outline around the stems that changed from the infinitive "payer", you get the shape of a boot.​

Notice that "nous" and "vous" maintain the stem of the infinitive.​

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​These verbs are also called "boot verbs".

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The following verb stems change by changing the 'e' to an è.

​acheter- to buy

amener-to bring (someone)

emmener- to take (someone)​

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j'amène..................... nous amenons

tu amè​nes............... vous amenez

il amè​ne.................... ils amènent

elle amè​ne...............elles amènent

on amè​ne

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​employer- to use, to employ

nettoyer- to clean

essayer- to try

payer​- to pay

​The following verbs change 'y' to 'i' in their conjugations for 1st, 2nd, 3rd singular and 3rd person plural.

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