Genetics terms part 1

2. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

•Also called mitosis
•Produces genetically identical
daughter cells
•Creates somatic cells

28. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

•Also called meiosis
•Produces genetically different
daughter cells
•Creates gametes

12. HEREDITY

•Passing of traits from parents to child
•Genes on chromosomes control the traits
that show up in an organism

•Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

31. TRAIT

•Specific characteristic that makes one
organism different from others of the same
species.
•Examples:

•Height
•Hair color
•Eye color

•Yes you need to write all parts of the definition

1. ALLELE

•one specific trait (written as a letter) that
is inherited in the organisms genes.
•For each trait we get one allele from our
biological mother and one allele from our
biological father

•Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

9. GENOTYPE

•The genetic makeup of an
organism
•The two alleles inherited for a
particular gene

•Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

22. PHENOTYPE

•The way an organism looks or
behaves
•The observable traits such as hair
color or eye color

•Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

6. DOMINANT

•A trait in the genotype that will
always show in the phenotype if it
is inherited by the offspring
•Is written as a capitol letter

• Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

24. RECESSIVE

•A trait in the genotype that will
only show in the phenotype if the
dominant trait is not inherited
•Written as the lower case letter of
the DOMINANT trait

•Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

15. HOMOZYGOUS

•Having two identical alleles for
a trait.

13. HETEROZYGOUS

•Having a two different alleles
for a trait (one dominant and
one recessive)