Special Challenges

Autism is a developmental disability characterized by impairment of social interaction. Cerebral palsy and spina bifida are physical disabilities. Down syndrome is characterized by a genetic chromosomal defect.

​explanation ...

A. smoking.

Rationale: Smoking is a risk factor for many conditions.

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B. traumatic brain injury at birth.

Rationale: TBI is a risk factor of cerebral palsy.

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C. increased maternal age.                     

Rationale: Correct answer

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D. lack of vitamin B.                             

Rationale: This is a risk factor for spina bifida.

​explanation ...

A. CPR

Rationale: This should not be difficult.

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B. Pulse oximetry

Rationale: This should not be difficult.

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C. Splinting

Rationale: This should not be difficult.

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D. Intubation

Rationale: Intubation may be difficult because patients with Down syndrome often have large tongues and small oral and nasal cavities.

​explanation...

A. Causes of airway obstruction for patients using technology assistance

Rationale: Correct answer

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B. Risk factors for patients using technology assistance Rationale: This is not the correct answer.

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C. Questions to ask patients with pacemakers

Rationale: This is not the correct answer.

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D. A vagal nerve stimulator

Rationale: This is not the correct answer.

​explanation ...

A. Colostomy

Rationale: This allows for elimination of waste.

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B. Ileostomy

Rationale: This allows for elimination of waste.

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C. Gastrostomy tube

Rationale: Correct answer

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D. Central venous catheter

Rationale: This is a venous access device.

​explanation ...

A. Keep seizures from occurring

Rationale: This is one of the two correct answers.

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B. Keep the airway clear from secretion

Rationale: This is not the correct answer.

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C. Act as an alternative treatment to medication

Rationale: This is one of the two correct answers.

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D. Both A and C

Rationale: Correct answer

​explanation ...