• ​SEVERAL FACTORS LED TO THE INCREASED INDUSTRIAL GROWTH DURING THE CIVIL WAR. THIS LAID THE GROUNDWORK FOR POSTWAR PROSPERITY.

• Factories used new tools and methods to produce supplies in big numbers

• Railroads expanded across the nation.

• ​The government encouraged immigration.

​A great many immigrants to the U.S. were pushed from their homelands by:

• Political upheaval at home

• Religious discrimination

• Crop failures

​Capitalism

​The American system of capitalism is one in which individuals own most businesses. These entrepreneurs invest money in products in order to make profits.

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Entrepreneurs fueled industrialization in the late 1800s

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They benefited from laissez-faire policies, which allowed businesses to work under minimal government regulation​

​Thomas Edison was the most prolific inventor of the era.

​He and his team of workers developed the light bulb, the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and hundreds of new products.

​Daily Life

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​Because of new inventions such as morse code, the telephone, bessemer process, light bulb, and others life changed dramatically for people in America.

​Expanding Railroads

​Cheaper steel lead to an explosion of railroad growth.

• This led to growth of cities

  • Chicago, Atlanta, Pittsburgh

• New inventions

  • Air brakes

  • Refrigerated cars

  • Timezones​

• Growth of industry

  • Access to raw materials

  • New markets

America exported grain, steel, and textiles in huge amounts and became a world economic power.

Mechanization of farming meant fewer farmers were needed to produce food.

Many Americans moved to cities to find work. URBANIZATION!