Industrialization

​SEVERAL FACTORS LED TO THE INCREASED INDUSTRIAL GROWTH DURING THE CIVIL WAR. THIS LAID THE GROUNDWORK FOR POSTWAR PROSPERITY.

1. Factories used new tools and methods to produce supplies in big numbers

2. Railroads expanded across the nation.

3. ​The government encouraged immigration.

​A great many immigrants to the U.S. were pushed from their homelands by:

• Political upheaval at home

• Religious discrimination

• Crop failures

​Capitalism

​The American system of capitalism is one in which individuals own most businesses. These entrepreneurs invest money in products in order to make profits.

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Entrepreneurs fueled industrialization in the late 1800s

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They benefited from laissez-faire policies, which allowed businesses to work under minimal government regulation​

​Thomas Edison was the most prolific inventor of the era.

​He and his team of workers developed the light bulb, the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and hundreds of new products.

​Daily Life

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​Because of new inventions such as morse code, the telephone, bessemer process, light bulb, and others life changed dramatically for people in America.

​Expanding Railroads

​Cheaper steel lead to an explosion of railroad growth.

• This led to growth of cities

  • Chicago, Atlanta, Pittsburgh

• New inventions

  • Air brakes

  • Refrigerated cars

  • Timezones​

• Growth of industry

  • Access to raw materials

  • New markets

America exported grain, steel, and textiles in huge amounts and became a world economic power.

Mechanization of farming meant fewer farmers were needed to produce food.

Many Americans moved to cities to find work. URBANIZATION!