History of Earth + Natural Selection Types

If finches with large beaks and finches with small beaks increase in a population while finches with average sized beaks decrease, which pattern of natural selection has occurred?

Black-bellied seedcrackers have either small beaks (better for eating soft seeds) or large beaks (better for hard seeds).  There are no seeds of intermediate hardness; therefore, which kind of selection acts on black-bellied seed crackers?

Small Aristelliger lizards have difficulty defending territories, but large lizards are more likely to be preyed upon by owls.  This situation results in what kind of selection on adult body size?

When a group of deer migrated to a cold mountain, the thin-furred deer and average-furred deer died. The thick-furred deer survived and eventually the population became thicker-furred.

Small turtles are too weak to protect themselves from predators and large turtles are too slow to hide from predators. Average-sized turtles have high fitness.

When two species of mice are bred in the lab, embryos usually abort (miscarry)

The Galapagos Islands are home to over 200 beetle species.  Two of these beetle species emerge during different weeks in springtime.

The blue-footed boobies and red-footed boobies have different mating dances.

There are two well-known species of yellowish land iguanas, Conolophus subcristatus, native to six islands, and Conolophus pallidus, found only one the island.