​THE ATMOSPHERE

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WHAT IS THE ATMOSPHERE?​

The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds the Earth.

The main gases on air are nitrogen and oxygen. ​Oxygen is essential for life. We need it to live.

Atmosphere is ​very important for life because it filters and stops the harmful (bad) rays from the Sun.

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THE ATMOSPHERE​

​Stratosphere: It contains very little oxygen and the ozone layer which protect us from harmful rays of the Sun.

LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE​

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LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE​​

​Troposphere: the lower layer. The air we breathe and the weather is here.

​​Weather is the state of the atmosphere in a particular time and place.

They occur in the troposphere.

Clouds, precipitation, wind and ​lightening are in this layer and they decide the weather.

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​​WEATHER PHENOMENA

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A thermometer measures temperature in degrees º (hot or cold)

An anemometer measures the wind speed.

A weather vane shows the direction of the wind: N, S, E, or W. ​

​A rain gauge measures weather precipitation

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​​WEATHER STATION

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Climate is the weather in a particular place for a long period of time. There are three climate zones: hot zones, temperate zones and cold zones.

WHAT IS CLIMATE?

1. ​Distance from the Equator (the zone that receives more rays from the sun)

2. Cold in the mountains

3. Warm near the coasts​

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​FACTORS

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​FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE

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• ​​High temperatures all year

• ​Near the Equator it rains and there is vegetation

• Far from the Equator it's dry (no rain) and no vegetation

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HOT CLIMATES

​​RAINFOREST

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​​SAVANNAH

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​​DESERT

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• ​It changes a lot

• In some places it rains a lot​ and in others only a little

• In this zone there are four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter.

TEMPERATE CLIMATES

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​​GRASSLAND

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​​WOODLAND

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• Near the North and South Poles​

• ​It's very cold all year

• Little precipitation (usually snow)​

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COLD CLIMATES​

TUNDRA​

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HIGH MOUNTAINS​

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WEATHER MAPS​

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​WEATHER MAPS

(SYMBOLS)​

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